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Ellesmere Island
Ellesmere Island 82,119 sq mi (212,688 sq km), c.500 mi (800 km) long, in the Arctic Ocean, N Nunavut Territory, Canada; second largest and northernmost island of the Arctic Archipelago . It is separated from NW Greenland by a narrow passage. The island's coast is indented by deep fjords. The inte...
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Axel Heiberg Island
Axel Heiberg Island , 13,583 sq mi (35,180 sq km), in the Arctic Ocean, N Nunavut Territory, Canada, W of Ellesmere Island. It was named by the Norwegian explorer Otto Sverdrup (who explored it 1898-1902) for one of his patrons. The island's plateau surface (3,000-6,000 ft/915-1,830 m high) is deepl...
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Queen Elizabeth Islands
Queen Elizabeth Islands northern part of the Arctic Archipelago, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, N Canada. Ellesmere Island (the largest), the Parry group (Melville, Bathurst, Devon, Prince Patrick, and Cornwallis islands), and the Sverdrup group (Axel Heiberg, Ellef Ringnes, Amund Ringnes, and ...
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Alert
Alert , settlement, on Ellesmere Island, extreme N Nunavut Territory, Canada, on the Arctic Ocean. It is the most northerly permanent settlement in the world. The settlement has a radio and meteorological station and a landing strip operated jointly by Canada and the United States.
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Arctic Archipelago
Arctic Archipelago , group of more than 50 large islands, Northwest Territories and Nunavut, N Canada, in the Arctic Ocean. The southernmost members of the group include Baffin (the archipelago's largest island), Victoria, Banks, Prince of Wales, and Somerset islands; N of Viscount Melville and Lanc...
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Otto Sverdrup
Otto Sverdrup , 1855-1930, Norwegian arctic explorer. A companion of Fridtjof Nansen on the voyage across Greenland in 1888 and on Nansen's later (1893-96) polar expedition, Sverdrup was leader of an arctic expedition (1898-1902) that attempted to reach the North Pole by way of Smith Sound but faile...
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Donald Baxter MacMillan
Donald Baxter MacMillan 1874-1970, American arctic explorer, b. Provincetown, Mass., grad. Bowdoin College, 1898, and studied at Harvard. After a decade of teaching, he went on the expedition (1908-9) of Robert E. Peary to the North Pole. Later (1911, 1912) he made ethnological studies among the La...
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Adolphus Washington Greely
Adolphus Washington Greely 1844-1935, American army officer and arctic explorer, b. Newburyport, Mass. Entering the Union army at 17, he emerged a brevet major of volunteers at the end of the Civil War. In 1881, as a lieutenant in the regular army, Greely was given command of the Lady Franklin Bay ...
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Robert Edwin Peary
Robert Edwin Peary , 1856-1920, American arctic explorer, b. Cresson, Pa. In 1881 he entered the U.S. navy as a civil engineer and for several years served in Nicaragua, where he was engaged in making surveys for the Nicaragua Canal. He became interested in arctic exploration and made a trip to the ...
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saxifrage
saxifrage , common name for several members of the Saxifragaceae, a family of widely varying herbs, shrubs, and small trees of cosmopolitan distribution. They are found especially in north temperate zones and include many arctic and alpine species. Most American species are native to the West. The t...
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