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hydraulics
hydraulics branch of engineering concerned mainly with moving liquids. The term is applied commonly to the study of the mechanical properties of water, other liquids, and even gases when the effects of compressibility are small. Hydraulics can be divided into two areas, hydrostatics and hydrokineti...
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John Henry Eaton
John Henry Eaton 1790-1856, U.S. Senator (1818-29) and Secretary of War (1829-31), b. Halifax co., N.C. After being admitted to the bar, he practiced in Franklin, Tenn., and married Myra Lewis, a ward of Andrew Jackson. Eaton remained close to Jackson and completed (1817) the biography of Jackson b...
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Joseph Bramah
Joseph Bramah , 1748-1814, English inventor. In 1784 he took out his first patent on a safety lock, and in 1795 he patented his hydraulic press, known as the Bramah press (see under hydraulic machine ). He devised a numerical printing machine for bank notes and was one of the first to suggest the p...
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William Eaton
William Eaton 1764-1811, U.S. army officer, celebrated for his exploit in the Tripolitan War, b. Woodstock, Conn. Captain Eaton was sent to Tunis as consul in 1798 and learned much about the Barbary States . When he returned to the United States in 1804, he had a scheme to win the war against Trip...
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John Caldwell Calhoun
John Caldwell Calhoun , 1782-1850, American statesman and political philosopher, b. near Abbeville, S.C., grad. Yale, 1804. He was an intellectual giant of political life in his day.
Early Career
Calhoun studied law under Tapping Reeve at Litchfield, Conn., and began (1808) his public care...
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Tapping Reeve
Tapping Reeve 1744-1823, American lawyer and jurist, b. Brookhaven, N.Y. In 1784 he opened his law school in Litchfield, Conn.; it was one of the first schools of law in the United States. Aaron Burr, John C. Calhoun, Horace Mann, and many other future senators, governors, and judges studied there....
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John Eaton
John Eaton 1829-1906, American educator, b. Sutton, N.H., grad. Dartmouth, 1854. After serving as a school principal in Cleveland, Ohio, and as superintendent of schools in Toledo, he enrolled at Andover Theological Seminary in 1859. During the Civil War, he served as a chaplain in the Union army a...
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John Davenport
John Davenport 1597-1670, Puritan clergyman, one of the founders of New Haven, Conn., b. Coventry, England, educated at Merton and Magdalen colleges, Oxford. Starting as a Church of England cleric, Davenport turned more and more to nonconformity. As pastor of an influential London parish he fostere...
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Mather Byles
Mather Byles , 1707-88, American clergyman and poet, b. Boston. Famous minister of the Hollis St. Congregational Church, Boston, from 1732, he was dismissed for his Tory sympathies after the British evacuation of Boston. From his uncle, Cotton Mather, he inherited a valuable library, to which he add...
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jack
jack mechanical device used to multiply a relatively small applied force so that it can lift and support heavy loads, or sometimes, move massive objects into a desired position. The lever jack, often used in lifting automobiles, has a lever combined with a ratchet; the lever is used to lift the loa...
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