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Suspect Classification
SUSPECT CLASSIFICATION A presumptively unconstitutional distinction made between individuals on the basis of race, national origin, alienage, or religious affiliation, in a statute, ordinance, regulation, or policy. The U.S. Supreme Court has held that certain kinds of government discrimination... Read more |
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secret police
secret police policing organization operating in secrecy for the political purposes of its government, often with terroristic procedures. The Nature of a Secret Police Enforcement of the law has required, in nearly all societies, a certain amount of secrecy, particularly in the investigation of... Read more |
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Coerced Confessions
Coerced Confessions by criminal suspects are generally regarded as inadmissible in court proceedings because of the privilege against compulsory self‐incrimination included in the Fifth Amendment. The adoption of this protection in the United States, first in the form of an evidentiary rule... Read more |
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Assize of Clarendon
Clarendon, Assize of. An assize (set of instructions for the king's judges) issued on Henry II's orders from his palace at Clarendon in 1166. It required grand juries to name (‘present’) accused or suspected criminals in their area so that the sheriff could then have them arrested... Read more |
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Whiskey Ring
Whiskey Ring in U.S. history, a group of distillers and public officials who defrauded the federal government of liquor taxes. Soon after the Civil War these taxes were raised very high, in some cases to eight times the price of the liquor. Large distillers, chiefly in St. Louis, Milwaukee, and... Read more |
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Benjamin Chew
Benjamin Chew 1722-1810, American public official and judge, b. Anne Arundel co., Md. He read law in Philadelphia under Andrew Hamilton and was admitted (1746) to the bar. After practicing law at New Castle and Dover, Del., Chew returned to Philadelphia, where he held several public offices and was... Read more |
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Terry v. Ohio
TERRY V. OHIO In Terry v. Ohio, 392 U.S. 1, 88 S. Ct. 1868, 20 L. Ed. 2d 889 (1968), the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that the fourth amendment to the U.S. Constitution permits a law enforcement officer to stop, detain, and frisk persons who are suspected of criminal activity without first obtaining... Read more |
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John Erskine 6th (or 11th) earl of Mar
John Erskine Mar, 6th (or 11th) earl of 1675-1732, Scottish nobleman, leader of the Jacobites . He was nicknamed "Bobbing John," probably because of his political vacillation. He succeeded his father as earl in 1689 and in the following years was generally a member of the court party. He was... Read more |
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indictment
indictment , in criminal law , formal written accusation naming specific persons and crimes. Persons suspected of crime may be rendered liable to trial by indictment, by presentment, or by information. An indictment is issued by a grand jury when the jury's investigation is initiated by the... Read more |
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inquest
inquest in law, a body of men appointed by law to inquire into certain matters. The term also refers to the inquiry itself as well as to the findings of the inquiry. The most usual form of inquest today is that conducted by the coroner to discover the cause of a death that was sudden, violent, or... Read more |
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