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fetal tissue implant
fetal tissue implant or fetal cell therapy, implantation of tissue from a fetus into a patient. In experimental procedures, fetal brain tissue has been implanted in the brains of patients with Parkinson's disease so that the fetal tissue will supply chemicals lacking in the diseased brain, ...
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in vitro fertilization
in vitro fertilization , technique for conception of a human embryo outside the mother's body. Several ova , or eggs, are removed from the mother's body and placed in special laboratory culture dishes (Petri dishes); sperm from the father are then added, or in many cases a sperm is injected directl...
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bioethics
bioethics in philosophy, a branch of ethics concerned with issues surrounding health care and the biological sciences. These issues include the morality of abortion , euthanasia , in vitro fertilization , and organ transplants (see transplantation, medical ). In the 1970s bioethics emerged as...
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stem cells
stem cells unspecialized human or animal cells that can produce mature specialized body cells and at the same time replicate themselves. Embryonic stem cells are derived from a blastocyst (the blastula typical of placental mammals; see embryo ), which is very young embryo that contains 200 to 250 ...
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gynecology
gynecology , branch of medicine specializing in the disorders of the female reproductive system. Modern gynecology deals with menstrual disorders, menopause, infectious disease and maldevelopment of the reproductive organs, disturbances of the sex hormones, benign and malignant tumor formation, and ...
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surrogate mother
surrogate mother a woman who agrees, usually by contract and for a fee, to bear a child for a couple who are childless because the wife is infertile or physically incapable of carrying a developing fetus. Often the surrogate mother is the biological mother of the child, conceiving it by means of a...
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clone
clone group of organisms, all of which are descended from a single individual through asexual reproduction, as in a pure cell culture of bacteria. Except for changes in the hereditary material that come about by mutation , all members of a clone are genetically identical. Laboratory experiments in...
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eugenics
eugenics , study of human genetics and of methods to improve the inherited characteristics, physical and mental, of the human race. Efforts to improve the human race through bettering housing facilities and other environmental conditions are known as euthenics.
Sir Francis Galton , who intro...
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genetic screening
genetic screening testing for genetic disorders. Most commonly, prospective parents or an embryo or fetus is tested when a specific genetic disorder is suspected (e.g., Tay-Sachs or sickle cell disease ). In such a case, genetic screening begins with a complete medical history of both parents. I...
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Jean Charest
Jean Charest , 1958-, Canadian politician. A lawyer and member of the Progressive Conservative party, he was been a member of parliament from Quebec since 1984. From 1986 to 1993 Charest served in cabinet positions—as minister of state for youth (1986-90) and fitness and amateur sport (1988-90...
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