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Topics related to "Cartesian dualism"

dualism
dualism any philosophical system that seeks to explain all phenomena in terms of two distinct and irreducible principles. It is opposed to monism and pluralism. In Plato 's philosophy there is an ultimate dualism of being and becoming, of ideas and matter. Aristotle criticized Plato's doctrine o... Read more
Nicolas Malebranche
Nicolas Malebranche , 1638-1715, French philosopher. Malebranche's philosophy is a highly original synthesis of Cartesian and Augustinian thought. Its purpose was to reconcile the new science with Christian theology. Beginning with Descartes's dualism between mind and body, Malebranche developed a t... Read more
pluralism
pluralism in philosophy, theory that considers the universe explicable in terms of many principles or composed of many ultimate substances. It describes no particular system and may be embodied in such opposed philosophical concepts as materialism and idealism . Empedocles , G. W. von Leibniz ... Read more
monism
monism [Gr.,=belief in one], in metaphysics, term introduced in the 18th cent. by Christian von Wolff for any theory that explains all phenomena by one unifying principle or as manifestations of a single substance. Monistic theorists differ considerably in their choice of a basis of unification. ... Read more
occasionalism
occasionalism metaphysical doctrine that denies that finite things have any active power and asserts that God is the only cause, whereas physical events and mental states are only occasions for God's action. Muslim theologians in the 8th cent. developed a version of occasionalism as an alternative ... Read more
Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs
Testaments of the Twelve Patriarchs an early Jewish work, with some Christian interpolations, reckoned among the Old Testament Pseudepigrapha . The work may have been written as early as 1st cent. BC It purports to be the final sayings ( "Testaments" ) of the 12 patriarchs, i.e., the 12 sons of ... Read more
Wang Yang-ming
Wang Yang-ming , 1472-1529, Chinese philosopher. He developed an idealist interpretation of Confucianism that denied the rationalist dualism of the orthodox philosophy of Chu Hsi . Wang believed that universal moral law is innate in man and discoverable through self-cultivation. In contrast to th... Read more
evil
evil antithesis of good. The philosophical problem of evil is most simply stated in the question, why does evil exist in the world? Death, disease, and sin are often included in the problem. Traditional Christian belief ascribes evil to the misdeeds of humans, to whom God has granted free will .... Read more
René Descartes
René Descartes , Lat. Renatus Cartesius, 1596-1650, French philosopher, mathematician, and scientist, b. La Haye. Descartes' methodology was a major influence in the transition from medieval science and philosophy to the modern era. Life Descartes was educated in the Jesuit Colleg... Read more
Robert Fludd
Robert Fludd 1574-1637, English mystic philosopher. Educated at Oxford and on the Continent, he became a London physician. Strongly influenced by the mystical doctrines of Paracelsus , he attempted to reconcile these speculations with the new science of the 17th cent. From his study of Paracelsus ... Read more

Encyclopedia entries related to "Cartesian dualism"

Dualism
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Science and Religion Dualism This term dualism is used to describe any system in which...materialism. While representatives of dualism in contemporary philosophy are in the...Descartes (1596 – 1650); Cartesian dualism was advanced based on the conceivability...
Mind-Body Theories
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Science and Religion ...illuminate the mind-body relation. Mind-body dualism Dualism, or mind-body dualism, is the theory that both minds and brains exist...physical world, which includes his own body. Cartesian dualism is the view that each person is essentially...
Pragmatism
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to United States History ...one hand, and, on the other, traditional philosophical systems, whether premised on religious dogmas or on the Cartesian dualisms of spirits and matter and mind and body, persuaded these thinkers to reject claims to absolute certainty. They...
Beckett, Samuel
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to British History ...From 1937 settled in Paris and writing in French, his affinities were with Sartre and Heidegger, though an earlier Cartesian dualism often shaped his work. As a story-teller and novelist he was indebted to James Joyce , and his trilogy, completed...
Gilbert Ryle
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography ...apparently contradictory views. In his major work, The Concept of Mind (1949), Ryle mounted a devastating attack on Cartesian dualism and, in particular, on the view of mind as a separate substance apart from the body. He caricatured this view...
Biosemiotics
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Science and Religion ...attempts to integrate such findings, and to build a new foundation for biology. It may help to resolve some forms of Cartesian dualism that are still haunting philosophers and scientists. By describing the continuity between matter and mind, biosemiotics...
Downward Causation
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Science and Religion ...domain consisting of different entities, and with different properties defined over the respective domains. Thus Cartesian dualism envisaged a bifurcated world of two metaphysically independent domains, one containing mental substances defined...
Étienne Bonnot de Condillac
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition ...In spite of this reduction of consciousness to the passive reception of sensation he nevertheless retained the Cartesian dualism of soul and body. He thus attempted to harmonize his deterministic psychology with his religious profession. Bibliography...
psychological disorders
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to the Body ...disorders that is a reductionistic anachronism of [Cartesian] mind/body dualism. A compelling literature documents that there...explaining how they arise, researchers must still use Cartesian terms of reference. To this point no new terminology...
Anthropology in Public Health
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Public Health ...and illness. The individual body constitutes the layer of lived experience, with an explicit rejection of Cartesian mind-body dualism. The social body encompasses the way in which the individual body becomes a kind of canvas upon which nature...

Dictionary entries related to "Cartesian dualism"

Cartesian dualism
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions Cartesian dualism: see DESCARTES, R.
dualism
Book article from: The Oxford Pocket Dictionary of Current English ...contrasted aspects, or the state of being so divided: a dualism between man and nature. ∎  Philos...two independent principles, esp. mind and matter ( Cartesian dualism ). Compare with idealism , materialism , and monism...
Dualism
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions Dualism (Lat., dualis ). The conjunction of two (usually opposing) entities...religious and philosophical dualities, e.g. mind and matter (as in Cartesian dualism), material and spiritual (as in Manichaeism ), yin and yang .
Philosophy of Mind: Ancient and Medieval
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas ...The influence of Cartesian dualism can be seen in the...been shaped by the Cartesian paradigm, cannot...philosophers as proto-Cartesians or read their works...to the solution of Cartesian problems. While this...
Principle of Identity Preservation
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...keeping with this author's rejection of the idea of the dualism of the drives. Human identity is formed through a...formation of identity makes it possible to resolve Cartesian dualism by forgoing the concept of identification. A metapsychology...
Identity, Multiple: Overview
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas ...modern conceptions of the subject. Early modern conceptions of a centered subjectivity can be traced in part to Cartesian dualism in which the mind and its thinking essence were seen as functioning independently of the body and the material world...
Cudworth, Ralph
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography ...tasks were performed by a subordinate and unconscious “ plastic nature. ” Cudworth rejected Cartesian dualism and asserted cosmic continuity. His mode of exposition was historical, drawing on classical, patristic, rabbinic...
Descartes, René
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions ...point Descartes established, by pursuing ‘clear and distinct ideas’, a radical distinction (Cartesian dualism) between mind and matter—‘thinking’ and ‘extended’ reality...
Philosophy of Mind: Overview
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas ...to future generations of philosophers. This Cartesian philosophy of mind contains several key aspects. First, it establishes the position known as Cartesian, or substantial, dualism (mind and body are distinct substances). Second...
Consciousness: Overview
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas ...scientific empirical knowledge that must rely on the senses. The Cartesian revolution. When Descartes initiated the discussion of consciousness...The resulting duality of mind and body came to be known as dualism. Dualists must explain how mind and body interact in the person...

Related newspaper, magazine, and trade journal articles from HighBeam Research

Cartesian dualism, and the universe as Turing machine
Magazine article from: Philosophy Today; 7/1/2003; ; 700+ words ; In the field of computability and algorithmicity, there have recently been two essays that are, in my opinion, of great interest: Peter Slezak's "Descartes's Diagonal Deduction," and David Deutsch's "Quantum Theory, the Church-Turing Principle and the Universal Quantum Computer." Briefly, the
The self-overcoming subject: Freud's challenge to the Cartesian ontology.(Sigmund Freud)
Magazine article from: Journal of Phenomenological Psychology; 3/22/2004; ; 700+ words ; ...isolated subject discovers a quantifiable, causal and knowable objective reality. This is the famous Cartesian Dualism. This dualism has become our traditional conception of the world, divided into two autonomous entities, a subject and...
The mind, the body - and how to talk yourself out of an illness DUALISM
Newspaper article from: The Sunday Telegraph London; 5/20/2001; ; 700+ words ; ...can surely be few who still subscribe to mind-body dualism. Could there be anything more preposterous than Descartes...test, which reveals just how entrenched the notion of Cartesian dualism truly is. Imagine that you get up tomorrow but cannot...
Cottingham, John. Cartesian Reflections: Essays on Descartes's Philosophy.(Book review)
Magazine article from: The Review of Metaphysics; 9/1/2009; ; 700+ words ; COTTINGHAM, John. Cartesian Reflections: Essays on...recognized authority on Cartesian philosophy. Cottingham's familiarity with the Cartesian corpus enables him to argue...properties--substance dualism combined with property...
The heat of the soul
Magazine article from: Skeptic; 1/1/2000; ; 700+ words ; METAPHYSICAL DUALISM, the idea that the mind...Descartes. Metaphysical dualism defines mind as non-special...this analysis will be on "Cartesian dualism," which holds...problem for adherents of Cartesian metaphysical dualism. Numerous...
American Catholic Philosophical Quarterly Vol. 79, No. 2, Spring 2005.(PHILOSOPHICAL ABSTRACTS)(metaphysical papers)
Magazine article from: The Review of Metaphysics; 9/1/2005; 700+ words ; ...justice and injustice. Catholic Cartesian Dualism: A Reply to Freddoso, CHRISTOPHER...Alfred Freddoso has argued that Cartesian dualism cannot serve as the model...Although the interpretation of Cartesian dualism to which Freddoso objects...
THE HEAT OF THE SOUL.
Magazine article from: Skeptic (Altadena, CA); 1/1/2000; ; 700+ words ; ...BODY PROBLEM METAPHYSICAL DUALISM, the idea that the mind and...Descartes. Metaphysical dualism defines mind as non-special...this analysis will be on "Cartesian dualism," which holds that...difficult problem for adherents of Cartesian metaphysical dualism. Numerous...
OF WHAT VALUE IS PHILOSOPHY TO SCIENCE? A REVIEW OF MAX R. BENNETT AND P. M. S. HACKER'S PHILOSOPHICAL FOUNDATIONS OF NEUROSCIENCE
Magazine article from: Behavior and Philosophy; 1/1/2006; ; 700+ words ; ...that this fallacy is at the heart of Cartesian dualism, implying that current cognitive neuroscientists are Cartesian dualists. Against this claim, we...fallacy cannot be committed within Cartesian dualism either, for this doctrine...
THE HOLISTIC PERSON; OR, THE IDEOLOGY OF EGALITARIANISM.
Magazine article from: Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute; 12/1/2000; ; 700+ words ; ...been marked by a turn against Cartesian dualism. In particular, sociological...dissatisfaction with Cartesian dualism is evident in certain present...science, postmodernism rejects dualisms of all kinds, as symptomatic...notable area where mind-body dualism currently is rejected. ...
Naturalism.(Book review)
Magazine article from: Perspectives on Science and Christian Faith; 12/1/2008; ; 700+ words ; ...respond by defending a modified Cartesian dualism according to which the soul...other important objections to Cartesian-type dualism that they leave unmentioned. (For example, Cartesian dualism does not fit at all well...