|
Bay Psalm Book
Bay Psalm Book common hymnal of the Massachusetts Bay colony. Written by Richard Mather, John Eliot, and Thomas Weld, it was published in 1640 at Cambridge as The Whole Book of Psalms Faithfully Translated into English Metre. The announced effort of the authors to make a literal rendering at the ...
Read more
|
|
ironclad
ironclad mid-19th-century wooden warship protected from gunfire by iron armor. The success of the ironclad when first employed by the French in the Crimean War sparked a naval armor and armaments race between France and Great Britain. Ironclads were later used by both sides in the U.S. Civil War ...
Read more
|
|
|
William Rockefeller
William Rockefeller 1841-1922, American financier, b. Tioga co., N.Y.; brother of John D. Rockefeller. He joined (1865) his brother in the oil-refining business. William was a successful stock market manipulator and was the New York representative of the Rockefeller interests until the Standard Oil...
Read more
|
|
|
Thomas Alexander Crerar
Thomas Alexander Crerar 1876-1975, Canadian political leader. Under his able direction the United Grain Growers, Ltd., of which he was president (1907-29), became one of the most successful farmers' cooperative movements in W Canada. A Liberal, Crerar served (1917-19) as minister of agriculture in ...
Read more
|
|
caravel
caravel or carvel , three-masted sailing vessel, generally square-rigged with the aftermast lateen-rigged. It had a roundish hull with a high bow and stern. The term "carvel-built" (see boat ) was derived from its method of construction. A change from bulkier ships to caravels, with their s...
Read more
|
|
|
clone
clone group of organisms, all of which are descended from a single individual through asexual reproduction, as in a pure cell culture of bacteria. Except for changes in the hereditary material that come about by mutation , all members of a clone are genetically identical. Laboratory experiments in...
Read more
|
|
|
Ruggiero Leoncavallo
Ruggiero Leoncavallo , 1857-1919, Italian composer. The opera Pagliacci (1892), his one outstanding success, is a classic example of Italian verismo, or realism. Of his numerous other operas, only Zazà (1900) had moderate success.
...
Read more
|
|
|
Atholl
Atholl , successively an earldom, a marquisate, and a dukedom of Scotland. For Scottish nobles so entitled, use Stuart, John, and Murray, John.
...
Read more
|
|
|
apostolic succession
apostolic succession in Christian theology, the doctrine asserting that the chosen successors of the apostles enjoyed through God's grace the same authority, power, and responsibility as was conferred upon the apostles by Jesus. Therefore present-day bishops, as the successors of previous bishops, ...
Read more
|
|
War of the Austrian Succession
War of the Austrian Succession 1740-48, general European war.
Causes of the War
The war broke out when, on the strength of the pragmatic sanction of 1713, the Austrian archduchess Maria Theresa succeeded her father, Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI, as ruler of the Hapsburg lands. The el...
Read more
|
