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poison gas
poison gas any of various gases sometimes used in warfare or riot control because of their poisonous or corrosive nature. These gases may be roughly grouped according to the portal of entry into the body and their physiological effects. Vesicants (blister gases) produce blisters on all body surface...
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tear gas
tear gas gas that causes temporary blindness through the excessive flow of tears resulting from irritation of the eyes. The gas is used in chemical warfare and as a means for dispersing mobs. Compounds that cause lacrimation (watering of the eyes) include bromoacetone, benzyl bromide, chloroaceto...
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gas mask
gas mask face covering or device used to protect the wearer from injurious gases and other noxious materials by filtering and purifying inhaled air. In addition to military use (see chemical warfare ), gas masks are employed in mining, in industrial chemistry, and by firemen and rescue squads. The...
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natural gas
natural gas natural mixture of gaseous hydrocarbons found issuing from the ground or obtained from specially driven wells. The composition of natural gas varies in different localities. Its chief component, methane , usually makes up from 80% to 95%, and the balance is composed of varying amount...
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mustard gas
mustard gas chemical compound used as a poison gas in World War I. The burning sensation it causes on contact with the skin is similar to that caused by oil from black mustard seeds. The compound is not a gas but a colorless, oily liquid with a somewhat sweet, agreeable odor; it boils at 217°...
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compressor
compressor machine that decreases the volume of air or other gas by the application of pressure. Compressor types range from the simple hand pump and the piston-equipped compressor used to inflate tires to machines that use a rotating, bladed element to achieve compression. The four basic types o...
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Fischer-Tropsch process
Fischer-Tropsch process , method for the synthesis of hydrocarbons and other aliphatic compounds. Synthesis gas, a mixture of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, is reacted in the presence of an iron or cobalt catalyst; much heat is evolved, and such products as methane, synthetic gasoline and waxes, and ...
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condensation
condensation in physics, change of a substance from the gaseous (vapor) to the liquid state (see states of matter ). Condensation is the reverse of vaporization , or change from liquid to gas. It can be brought about by cooling, as in distillation , or by an increase in pressure resulting in a d...
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ethane
ethane , CH 3 CH 3 , gaseous hydrocarbon. It is a continuous-chain alkane . As a constituent of natural gas, it is used for fuel. It can be prepared by cracking and fractional distillation of petroleum.
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flame
flame phenomenon associated with the chemical reaction of a gas that has been heated above its kindling temperature with some other gas, usually atmospheric oxygen (see combustion ). The heat and light given off are characteristic of the specific chemical reaction (or reactions) going on; the lumi...
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