|
Baie Comeau
Baie Comeau , town (1991 pop. 26,012), E Que., Canada, on the St. Lawrence River near the mouth of the Manicouagan River. A deepwater sea port, it has hydroelectric plants on the Outardes and Manicouagan rivers that supply Quebec city with electricity. Its manufactures include aluminum and paper pro...
Read more
|
|
|
Manicouagan
Manicouagan , river, 310 mi (499 km) long, rising in E central Que., Canada, and flowing S to the St. Lawrence River near Baie Comeau. The river is an important source of hydroelectricity.
...
Read more
|
|
|
income tax
income tax assessment levied upon individual or corporate incomes. Although personal incomes were occasionally taxed in medieval Italian cities, the income tax is essentially a modern form of taxation. The first important income tax was levied in Great Britain from 1799 to 1816 in order to raise fu...
Read more
|
|
|
value-added tax
value-added tax (VAT), levy imposed on business at all levels of the manufacture and production of a good or service and based on the increase in price, or value, provided by each level. Because the consumer ultimately pays a higher price for the taxed commodity, a VAT is essentially a hidden sales...
Read more
|
|
|
public debt
public debt indebtedness of a central government expressed in money terms, often referred to as national debt. The debt is computed differently by nearly every nation. Some authorities exclude all government obligations other than those incurred by public borrowing from individuals.
The U.S. n...
Read more
|
|
|
taxation
taxation system used by governments to obtain money from people and organizations. The revenue collected is used by the government to support itself and to provide public services. Aside from being relatively permanent, taxation is compulsory and does not guarantee a direct relationship between the...
Read more
|
|
|
scutage
scutage , feudal payment, usually in cash, given in lieu of actual military service due from a vassal to an overlord. It applied especially to the vassals of the king. Scutage collection increased noticeably in the later 12th cent., no doubt partly because of the rise of a professional military clas...
Read more
|
|
|
Mace
Mace chemical spray device used by police in riot control. Mace is ordinary tear gas (chloroacetophenone, or CN) in a volatile solvent contained in a spray can. It causes severe lacrimation and temporary blindness. If sprayed directly into the face from a distance of less than 6 ft (1.8 m), it ma...
Read more
|
|
social security
social security government program designed to provide for the basic economic security and welfare of individuals and their dependents. The programs classified under the term social security differ from one country to another, but all are the result of government legislation and all are designed to...
Read more
|
|
socialized medicine
socialized medicine publicly administered system of national health care. The term is used to describe programs that range from government operation of medical facilities to national health-insurance plans. In 1948, Great Britain passed the National Health Service Act that provided free physician a...
Read more
|
