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Augustus II
Augustus II 1670-1733, king of Poland (1697-1733) and, as Frederick Augustus I, elector of Saxony (1694-1733). He commanded the imperial army against the Turks (1695-96), but had no success and was replaced by Prince Eugene of Savoy as soon as he competed for the Polish throne, left vacant by the d...
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Augustus III
Augustus III 1696-1763, king of Poland (1735-63) and, as Frederick Augustus II, elector of Saxony (1733-63); son of Augustus II , whom he succeeded in Saxony. Elected king of Poland by a minority, he allied himself with Empress Anna of Russia and Holy Roman Emperor Charles VI in the War of the ...
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Philippi
Philippi , ancient city, E Macedonia. Inhabited by Thracians and then Thasians, it was renamed (probably 356 BC) by Philip II of Macedon, who developed and fortified it. Near the city was fought the decisive battle in which Octavian (Augustus) and Antony defeated (42 BC) Brutus and Cassius.
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William Augustus Cumberland, duke of
William Augustus Cumberland, duke of 1721-65, British general; third son of George II. Entering the army shortly before the outbreak (1740) of the War of the Austrian Succession , he was defeated by the French at Fontenoy (1745). Returning to England to put down the 1745 rising of the Jacobites ,...
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Pula
Pula , Ital. Pola, city (1991 pop. 62,378), W Croatia, on the Adriatic and at the southern tip of the Istrian peninsula. A major seaport and an industrial center, it has shipyards, docks, and varied manufactures. Captured (178 BC) by the Romans, it was destroyed by Augustus, but was rebuilt by him...
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Palatine
Palatine hill: see Rome before Augustus and Roman Empire under Rome .
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Philip II
Philip II ( Augustus) (1165–1223) King of France (1180–1223). Greatest of the French medieval kings, he increased the royal domain by marriage, by exploiting his feudal rights, and by war. His main rival was Henry II of England. Philip supported the rebellions of Henry's sons, fough...
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Meissen
Meissen , city (1994 pop. 33,075), Saxony, E central Germany, on the Elbe River. A porcelain manufacturing center since 1710, Meissen is famous for its delicate figurines (often called "Dresden" china); the industry is supported by local deposits of kaolin and potter's earth. Other manufactures ...
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Karl Augustus Menninger
Karl Augustus Menninger , 1893-1990, and William Claire Menninger, 1899-1966, American psychiatrists, brothers, b. Topeka, Kans. The Menninger Clinic, conceived with the idea of collecting many specialists in one center, was founded in Topeka in 1919 by Karl and his father, Charles Frederick (18...
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Dresden
Dresden , city (1994 pop. 479,300), capital of Saxony , E central Germany, on the Elbe River. It is an industrial and cultural center, a rail junction, and a large inland port. Manufactures include precision and optical instruments, computers and office machinery, radio and electrical equipment, an...
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