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Francisco de Ibarra
Francisco de Ibarra , 1539?-1575, Spanish conquistador in Mexico. In 1554, after founding Fresnillo , he headed an expedition to the N of Zacatecas. For the next 20 years he explored, founded settlements, and exploited mines in the vast region comprising present-day Durango, Chihuahua, and part of ...
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custom
custom habitual group pattern of behavior that is transmitted from one generation to another and is not biologically determined. Since societies are perpetually changing, no matter how slowly, all customs are basically impermanent. If short-lived, they are more properly called fashions. Customs for...
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borough-English
borough-English a custom of inheritance in parts of England whereby land passed typically to the youngest son in preference to his older brothers. Of Anglo-Saxon origin, the custom was abolished by law in 1925. For alternative systems of inheritance in England see gavelkind and primogeniture .
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Zollverein
Zollverein [Ger.,=customs union], in German history, a customs union established to eliminate tariff barriers. Friedrich List first popularized the idea of a combination to abolish the customs barriers that were inhibiting trade among the numerous states of the German Confederation . In 1818, Pr...
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grave
grave space excavated in the earth or rock for the burial of a corpse. When a grave is marked by a protective or memorial structure it is often referred to as a tomb . See burial ; funeral customs .
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gavelkind
gavelkind [M.E.,=family tenure], custom of inheritance of lands held in socage tenure , whereby all the sons of a holder of an estate in land share equally in such lands upon the death of the father. Most of the lands in England were held in gavelkind tenure prior to the Norman Conquest in 1066, a...
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wake
wake watch kept over a dead body, usually during the night preceding burial . Ancient peoples in various parts of the world observed the custom. As an ancient ritual, it was rooted in a concern that no person should be buried alive. After it was adopted by Christians and as it is practiced today, ...
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automated teller machine
automated teller machine (ATM), device used by bank customers to process account transactions. Typically, a user inserts into the ATM a special plastic card that is encoded with information on a magnetic strip. The strip contains an identification code that is transmitted to the bank's central comp...
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embalming
embalming , practice of preserving the body after death by artificial means. The custom was prevalent among many ancient peoples and still survives in many cultures. It was highly developed in dynastic Egypt, where it was used for some 30 cent. Although the embalming methods of the Egyptians varied ...
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All Souls' Day
All Souls' Day Nov. 2 (exceptionally, Nov. 3), feast of the Roman Catholic Church on which the church on earth prays for the souls of the faithful departed still suffering in purgatory . The proper office is of the dead, and the Mass is a requiem . General intercessions for the dead (e.g., for th...
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