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Andrew Fisher
Andrew Fisher 1862-1928, Australian statesman. He emigrated from Scotland to Australia in 1885, helped organize the Australian Labour party, and served three times as Labour prime minister of Australia (1908-9, 1910-13, and 1914-15). He guided the passage of much social legislation in the fields of...
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Frontinus
Frontinus (Sextus Julius Frontinus) , fl. AD 74, Roman administrator and writer. As governor of Britain from AD 74 or AD 75 to AD 78, he reduced the Silures, a rebellious tribe in SE Wales, and pacified Britain within its borders; it was this work, successfully done, that probably rendered possibl...
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Big Ben
Big Ben the bell in the Parliament tower (Westminster Palace), London, England. It was named for Sir Benjamin Hall, commissioner of works when the bell was installed in 1856. The name is often used to refer to the huge clock in the tower.
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orders in council
orders in council in British government, orders given by the sovereign on the advice of all or some of the members of the privy council, without the prior consent of Parliament. Orders in council, first so named in the 18th cent., are based either on royal prerogative or on statutory authority. The...
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Adam Smith
Adam Smith 1723-90, Scottish economist, educated at Glasgow and Oxford. He became professor of moral philosophy at the Univ. of Glasgow in 1752, and while teaching there wrote his Theory of Moral Sentiments (1759), which gave him the beginnings of an international reputation. He traveled on the C...
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Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees
Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR), established Jan., 1951, by the General Assembly. It superseded the International Refugee Organization. It seeks permanent solutions to refugee problems, offers international protection to refugees, coordinates the activities of vo...
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Sumner Welles
Sumner Welles 1892-1961, American diplomat, b. New York City. Welles began his diplomatic career as secretary of the U.S. embassy at Tokyo (1915-17). Attached to the embassy at Buenos Aires (1917-19), he then served as assistant chief (1920-21) and chief (1921-22) of the division of Latin American ...
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John Beresford
John Beresford , 1738-1805, Anglo-Irish Protestant politician. He entered the Irish Parliament in 1760, became a privy councillor (1768), a commissioner of revenue (1770), and chief revenue commissioner (1780). Committed to the continued political dominance of his own class in Ireland, he was a stro...
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Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere
Sir Henry Bartle Edward Frere , 1815-84, British colonial administrator; nephew of John Hookham Frere. He served (1850-59) as chief commissioner of Sind, distinguishing himself during the Indian Mutiny , and was (1862-67) governor of Bombay. In 1872 he negotiated a treaty with the sultan of Zanziba...
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James Douglas Queensberry, 2d duke of
James Douglas Queensberry, 2d duke of 1662-1711, Scottish statesman. One of the early supporters of William III in Scotland, he held offices under him and Queen Anne, rising to become commissioner to the Scottish Parliament (1700) and a secretary of state for Scotland (1702). Duped by an intrigue o...
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