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Benjamin Franklin Bache
Benjamin Franklin Bache , 1769-98, American journalist, b. Philadelphia; son of Richard Bache and grandson of Benjamin Franklin . In 1790 he founded the Philadelphia General Advertiser (later the Aurora ). As the champion of the Jeffersonians, Bache's paper denounced the Federalists bitterly, ...
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Sir John Franklin
Sir John Franklin 1786-1847, British explorer in N Canada whose disappearance caused a widespread search of the Arctic. Entering the navy in 1801, he fought in the battle of Trafalgar. On his first overland expedition (1819-22) in N Canada, his party crossed the barren grounds from Great Slave Lake...
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Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins
Maurice Hugh Frederick Wilkins 1916-2004, British biophysicist, b. New Zealand, Ph.D. Univ. of Birmingham, 1940. He conducted research at the Univ. of St. Andrews, Scotland, and at Kings College, the Univ. of London (from 1946 until his death). In Berkeley, Calif., he worked (1944) for the Manhatta...
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American Philosophical Society
American Philosophical Society first scientific society in America, founded (1743) in Philadelphia. It was an outgrowth of the Junto formed (1727) by Benjamin Franklin. Franklin was the first secretary of the society, and Thomas Hopkinson the first president. In 1769 it merged with the American Soc...
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William Franklin
William Franklin c.1730-1813, last royal governor of New Jersey; illegitimate son of Benjamin Franklin. He grew up in Philadelphia, served in King George's War, and was (1754-56) comptroller of the general post office in Philadelphia. In 1757 he went with his father to England, where he studied law...
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Joseph Franklin Rutherford
Joseph Franklin Rutherford 1869-1942, American sectarian leader, b. Missouri. He became leader of the Jehovah's Witnesses (then called Russellites) after the death of the sect's founder, Charles T. Russell , in 1916. Under the direction of Rutherford the Witnesses' attack on the existing social ...
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John Franklin Enders
John Franklin Enders 1897-1985, American bacteriologist, b. West Hartford, Conn., grad. Yale, 1920, Ph.D. Harvard, 1930. He began teaching at Harvard in 1929, became associate professor in 1942, and joined the research staff of Children's Hospital, Boston. The 1954 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medi...
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Aretha Franklin
Aretha Franklin 1942-, American singer, b. Memphis. She began singing in the choir of her father's church. Known as the "Queen of Soul," she recorded such hits as "Respect," "Chain of Fools," and "Who's Zoomin' Who," "(You Make Me Feel Like) a Natural Woman," and "Highway of L...
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Christine Ladd-Franklin
Christine Ladd-Franklin 1847-1930, American scientist, b. Windsor, Conn., grad. Vassar 1869. She was the first woman student to enter Johns Hopkins (1878), her special studies being directed toward logic and the theory of color. She studied in Göttingen (1891-92) and worked in Helmholtz's labo...
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John Hope Franklin
John Hope Franklin 1915-, the dean of African-American historians, b. Rentiesville, Okla., grad. Fisk Univ. (A.B., 1935), Harvard Univ. (M.A., 1936; Ph.D., 1941). Franklin served on the faculties of his alma mater (1936-37), St. Augustine's College (1939-43), North Carolina College (1943-47), Howar...
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