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Jean Bernard Léon Foucault
Jean Bernard Léon Foucault , 1819-68, French physicist. Known especially for his research on the speed of light, he determined its velocity in air and found that its speed in water and other media diminished in proportion to the index of refraction. He originated the Foucault pendulum , with...
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Sir Bernard Partridge
Sir Bernard Partridge 1861-1945, English caricaturist and illustrator. He was principal cartoonist for Punch from 1891 until his death. Partridge began his career by designing stained glass and painting watercolors, but he is best known as an illustrator.
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Sir Bernard Partridge
Sir Bernard Partridge 1861-1945, English caricaturist and illustrator. He was principal cartoonist for Punch from 1891 until his death. Partridge began his career by designing stained glass and painting watercolors, but he is best known as an illustrator.
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Saint Bernard
Saint Bernard two Alpine passes, both used since antiquity. The Great Saint Bernard (alt. 8,110 ft/2,472 m), on the Italian-Swiss border, links Valais canton, Switzerland, with Valle d'Aosta, Italy. Frequented by the Gauls and Romans, the pass also was crossed by Charlemagne, Emperor Henry IV, Fr...
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Claude Bernard
Claude Bernard , 1813-78, French physiologist. He turned from literature to medicine, working in Paris under Magendie and teaching at the Collège de France and at the Sorbonne. One of the great scientific investigators, he is known as the founder of experimental medicine because of his work o...
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Bernard of Cluny
Bernard of Cluny or Bernard of Morlaix , fl. 1150, French Cluniac monk, of English parentage. He wrote De contemptu mundi [on contempt for the world], a poem in 3,000 hexameters. On it Horatio Parker based his oratorio Hora novissima, and from it John Mason Neale drew the words of Jerusalem...
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Bernard Bosanquet
Bernard Bosanquet , 1848-1923, English philosopher, educated at Oxford. He lectured there (1871-81) and at St. Andrews (1903-8). His major works include A History of Aesthetic (1892), The Philosophical Theory of the State (1899), and The Value and Destiny of the Individual (1913). They exempli...
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Saint Bernard
Saint Bernard breed of massive working dog developed in Switzerland in the 18th cent. and perfected by British breeders during the 19th cent. It stands from 25 to 29 in. (64-74 cm) high at the shoulder and weighs from 140 to 170 lb (64-77 kg). There are two varieties of St. Bernard, the smooth-co...
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H. L. Mencken
H. L. Mencken (Henry Louis Mencken) , 1880-1956, American editor, author, and critic, b. Baltimore, studied at the Baltimore Polytechnic. Probably America's most influential journalist, he began his career on the Baltimore Morning Herald at the age of 18, became editor of the Baltimore Evening ...
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Jean-Pierre Rampal
Jean-Pierre Rampal 1922-, French virtuoso flutist. He has played in several chamber groups but is most celebrated as a soloist of great brilliance.
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