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Erwin Piscator
Erwin Piscator , 1893-1966, German theatrical director and producer who, with Bertolt Brecht , was the foremost exponent of epic theater, a genre that emphasizes the sociopolitical context rather than the emotional content or aesthetics of the play. He worked experimentally in Berlin after 1919. As...
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Charles Erwin Wilson
Charles Erwin Wilson 1890-1961, American industrialist and cabinet officer, b. Minerva, Ohio. He was an electrical engineer with Westinghouse Electric and Manufacturing Company from 1909 to 1919 and designed the first automobile starters made by Westinghouse. In 1919 he joined General Motors Corp.,...
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Tobruk
Tobruk , Arab. Tubruq, city (1984 pop. 75,282), NE Libya, a port on the Mediterranean Sea. It was a fiercely contested objective in World War II (see North Africa, campaigns in ). Tobruk was first taken by the British on Jan. 22, 1941. When the Germans under Erwin Rommel drove the British out of ...
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Erwin Panofsky
Erwin Panofsky , 1892-1968, American art historian, b. Germany, Ph.D. Univ. of Freiburg, 1914. After teaching (1921-33) at the Univ. of Hamburg and serving as professor of fine arts at New York Univ., he joined (1935) the faculty at the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton, N.J. His writings are ...
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Erwin Rommel
Erwin Rommel , 1891-1944, German field marshal. He entered the army in 1910 and rose slowly through the ranks. In 1939, Adolf Hitler made him a general. Rommel brilliantly commanded an armored division in the attack (1940) on France. In Feb., 1941, he took the specially trained tank corps, the Afrik...
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El Alamein
El Alamein or Al Alamayn , town, N Egypt, on the Mediterranean Sea. It was the site of a decisive British victory in World War II (see North Africa, campaigns in ). In preparation for an attack by German Field Marshal Erwin Rommel from Libya (begun May 26, 1942) the British forces retreated i...
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art history
art history the study of works of art and architecture. In the mid-19th cent., art history was raised to the status of an academic discipline by the Swiss Jacob Burckhardt , who related art to its cultural environment, and the German idealists Alois Riegl, Heinrich Wölfflin , and Wilhelm Wor...
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Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac
Paul Adrien Maurice Dirac , 1902-84, English physicist. He was educated at the Univ. of Bristol and St. John's College, Cambridge, and became professor of mathematics at Cambridge in 1932. In 1928, Dirac published a version of quantum mechanics that took into account the theory of relativity (see ...
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Max Planck
Max Planck , 1858-1947, German physicist. Seeking to explain the experimental spectrum (distribution of electromagnetic energy according to wavelength) of black body radiation, he introduced the hypothesis (1900) that oscillating atoms absorb and emit energy only in discrete bundles (called quan...
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Werner Heisenberg
Werner Heisenberg , 1901-76, German physicist. One of the founders of the quantum theory, he is best known for his uncertainty principle , or indeterminacy principle, which states that it is impossible to determine with arbitrarily high accuracy both the position and momentum (essentially velocity)...
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