Bapak

views updated May 23 2018

Bapak

An Indonesian name for "father," given affectionately to patrons, gurus, and charismatic leaders, especially to Muhammad Subuh, founder of the Subud movement, a modern mystical school combining Sufi insights with elements of the thought of Georgei I. Gurdjieff and P. D. Ouspensky.

Bapak

views updated May 14 2018

Bapak (father): see SUBUD INTERNATIONAL BROTHERHOOD.