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ribosome
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ribosome
A Dictionary of Zoology
ribosome A subcellular granule, 10–20 nm in diameter, composed of RNA and protein, which is found in large numbers in all types of cells and in some subcellular
organelles. Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis:
m-RNA attaches to them and there receives
t-RNA molecules bearing
amino acids. In
eukaryotic cells ribosomes are synthesized in the
nucleolus but are found predominantly in the
cytoplasm, singly or in chains (polysomes or polyribosomes, probably linked by the m-RNA), or attached to the
endoplasmic reticulum, which is then termed ‘rough ER’. Ribosomes have a
sedimentation factor: 70S in bacteria; 80S in eukaryotic cytoplasm; and 70S in mitochondrial ribosomes. See
MITOCHONDRION.
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© A Dictionary of Zoology 1999, originally published by Oxford University Press 1999.
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