Taiwan Strait Crises

The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military

Taiwan Strait Crises two periods in 1955 and 1958 when tensions arose and artillery fire was exchanged between Taiwan and mainland China across the Taiwan Strait, and on the islands Quemoy and Matsu, which both parties claimed. The U.S., which officially supported Chiang Kai-Shek's rights to the Strait islands with the signing of the Formosa Resolutions in 1954, threatened in April, 1955, to use nuclear weapons to protect them in case of a Communist attack. Tensions eventually subsided, only to resurface in August, 1958, when Matsu and Quemoy were shelled by mainland batteries. U.S. carriers arrived, and war loomed until negotiations resumed and Beijing backed away. In both cases, a show of force from the United States brought the immediate tensions to an end, without resolving the larger issues.

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© The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001.

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