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haploid

A Dictionary of Biology

haploid Describing a nucleus, cell, or organism with a single set of unpaired chromosomes. The haploid number is designated as n. Reproductive cells, formed as a result of meiosis, are haploid. Fusion of two such cells (see fertilization) restores the normal (diploid) number.

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© A Dictionary of Biology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004.

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	Semen Analysis ; ...stimulating hormone; GnRH = gonadotropin releasing hormone; ICSI = intracytoplasmic sperm injection; LH = leutinizing hormone; n = haploid number of chromosomes; QC = quality control; TZI = teratozoospermia index; VTS = viscosity treatment system; WHO = World Health... Read more
	The Triple Screen: Friend or foe? ; ...defined as having more or less than an exact multiple of the haploid number of chromosomes. Haploid means containing only one chromosome of each type. In humans, the haploid number is 23 (Robinson and Linden 1993). The following is a review... Read more
	Differences in the rDNA-bearing chromosome divide the Asian-Pacific and Atlantic species of Crassostrea (Bivalvia, Mollusca). ; ...provide little interspecific comparison (Ladron De Guevara et al., 1996; Leitao et al., 1999a, b). Although oysters have a low haploid number of 10 chromosomes (Nakamura, 1985), oyster chromosomes are small and similar in arm ratios, which makes karyotypic analysis... Read more
	Aneuploidy: Cells Losing Their Balance ; ...aneuploidies or polyploidies. Aneuplopidy is defined as a chromosome number that is not an exact multiple of the usually haploid number. This condition is distinct from the condition of polyploidy, which is defined as having a chromosome number that is a multiple... Read more
	Genetic linkage map of the eastern oyster Crassostrea virginica Gmelin. ; ...naturally along the Atlantic coast of North America (Galtsoff, 1964); it is easily cultured and widely available. It has a haploid number of 10 chromosomes (Longwell and Stiles, 1967), one of the lowest among molluscs, making it an ideal model mollusc for genetic... Read more
	SIVB 2003 CONGRESS SYMPOSIUM PROCEEDING: MUTATION- AND TRANSPOSON-BASED APPROACHES FOR THE IDENTIFICATION OF GENES FOR PRE-HARVEST SPROUTING IN WHEAT ; ...the B genome from Aegilops speltoides, and the D genome from Ae. tauschii (Jiang and Gill, 1994; Galili et al., 2000). The haploid number of wheat is 21, with seven chromosomes from each progenitor. Wheat has one of the largest genomes at 15966Mbp/1C (Arumuganathan... Read more
	Chromosomal mapping of the major ribosomal RNA genes in the dwarf surfclam (Mulinia lateralis Say).(ribonucleic acid)(Report) ; ...amp; Allen 1994). One limiting factor is that we know little about the genome of this species. We only know that it has a haploid number of 19 chromosomes (Wada et al. 1990) with one crossover per chromosome (Guo & Allen 1996), and it shares the vertebrate... Read more
	Breeding oats for rust resistance. ; ...the slower growing plants contained both oat and corn chromosomes. About a third of them had 21 chromosomes - the normal haploid number for oats - plus 1 to 4 corn chromosomes. Corn usually has 10. Using a technique in which DNA extracted from corn was labeled... Read more
	Biosystematics of the Phacelia ranunculacea Complex (Hydrophyllaceae) ; ...Cave and Constance 1947, 1950; Constance 1949, 1950, 1963; Gillett 1964, 1968; Murdy 1966) in which seven species have a haploid number of nine (n = 9; including all three perennials), with n = 5, 8, and 14 also present. The cytological characteristics that... Read more
	Chromosomal mapping of 5S ribosomal RNA genes in the eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica Gmelin by fluorescence in situ hybridization. ; ...of genes to chromosomes and studies on aneuploidy. The eastern oyster has a haploid number of 10 chromosomes (Longwell et al. 1967). Despite the low haploid number, chromosome identification in the eastern oyster remains a challenge because... Read more

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	haploid haploid Applied to a cell nucleus that contains one of each type...i.e. one set of chromosomes, designated n . Gametes are haploid, in contrast with most somatic cells , which usually have...triploid), 4n (tetraploid), or many- n (polyploid). A haploid cell thus has only one chromosome set, and a ... Read more
	haploid haploid (monoploid) ( hap -loid) adj. describing cells, nuclei, or organisms with a single set of unpaired chromosomes. In humans the gametes are haploid following meiosis. Compare diploid , triploid . —haploid n. Read more
	haploid haploid Term describing a cell that has only one member of each...gametes are diploid , having 46 chromosomes. Gametes are haploid, having 23 chromosomes. The body cells of many lower organisms, including many algae and single-celled organisms, are haploid. See also alternation of generations ; meiosis Read more
	haploid haploid Applied to the number of chromosomes in a gamete and conventionally symbolized by n . In somatic (i.e. non-sex) cells, the number of chromosomes is usually some multiple of this number (e.g. diploid 2 n , triploid 3 n , or tetraploid 4 n , but sometimes polyploid many- n ). Read more
	haploid ...x2022; adj. (of a cell or nucleus) having a single set of unpaired chromosomes. Compare with diploid . ∎  (of an organism or part) composed of haploid cells. • n. a haploid organism or cell. DERIVATIVES: hap·loi·dy n. Read more

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