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Colossus of Rhodes

The Oxford Dictionary of Art

Colossus of Rhodes. A huge bronze statue of Helios the sun god, regarded as one of the Seven Wonders of the World. It stood beside (not astride as it is shown in some reconstructions) the harbour at Rhodes and commemorated the city's successful defence against a siege in 305–304 bc; it was financed by the sale of equipment and stores left behind by the enemy. There was an enormous siege engine among the equipment, and this may have suggested the Colossus or been used in its construction. The sculptor was Chares of Lindos, a pupil of Lysippus, and the statue was finished in about 280 bc after twelve years' work. In about 225 bc it collapsed in an earthquake, but the fallen figure remained until ad 653, when it was broken up by Arab raiders and sold as scrap. According to Pliny, it had stood 70 cubits (32 m; 105 ft) high, and ‘even lying on the ground it is a marvel. Few people can get their arms around its thumb, and the fingers are larger than most statues.’ There are many other references to the Colossus in ancient sources, but no accurate visual records survive.

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© The Oxford Dictionary of Art 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004.

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