Maintaining granulation in a denitrifying upflow sludge-blanket reactor treating groundwater with low hardness From: Water Environment Research | Date: September 1, 2003| Author: Furukawa, Kenji; Nakashima, Takahiro; Rouse, Joseph D | Copyright Water Environment Federation Sep/Oct 2003. Provided by ProQuest LLC.Copyright information

ABSTRACT: Maintenance of denitrifying granular sludge for treating soft groundwater (total hardness [asymptotically =] 75 mg calcium carbonate/L) in an upflow sludge-blanket reactor was demonstrated with complete removal of applied nitrate (20 mg N/L) over extended operation and a hydraulic residence time of 34 minutes. A high pH of approximately 9.0 was shown to be important for generation of mineral precipitation needed for production of heavy granular sludge with good retention characteris...

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