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The iso-competition point for counterion competition binding to DNA: Calculated multivalent versus monovalent cation binding equivalent
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ABSTRACT In this paper we introduce an important parameter called the iso-competition point (ICP), to characterize the competition binding to DNA in a two-cation-species system. By imposing the condition of charge neutralization fraction equivalence theta^sub 1^ = Ztheta^sub z^ upon the two simultaneous equations in Manning's counterion condensation theory, the ICPs can be calculated. Each ICP, which refers to a particular multivalent concentration where the charge fraction on DNA neutralized from monovalent cations equals that from the multivalent cations, corresponds to a specific ionic ...
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The iso-competition point, a new concept for characterizing multivalent versus monovalent counterion competition, successfully describes cation binding to DNA
; ...dominated by monovalent cations, the other by multivalent cations, the numerical simulations of ICP allow the overall cation competition binding environment to be simplified conceptually in a single parameter. The authors have carried out extensive simulations that...
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Antihormonal Effects of the Soybean Phytoalexin Glyceollin
; ...Further evaluation revealed greater antagonism towards ER-[alpha] than ER-[beta] in transiently transfected HEK 293 cells. Competition binding assays revealed a greater affinity of glyceollins for ER-[alpha] versus ER-[beta] that correlated to greater suppression...
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A Single Binding Site Mediates Resistance- and Disease-Associated Activities of the Effector Protein NIP1 from the Barley Pathogen Rhynchosporium secalis1
; ...Avenu sativa), and maize (Zea mays), but not in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). For NIP1 types I and II, equilibrium competition-binding experiments revealed a correlation between the difference in their affinities to the binding site and the differences...
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Evaluation of the Serotonin Transporter Ligand ^sup 123^I-ADAM for SPECT Studies on Humans
; ...transporter (K^sub i^, 840 nM) and the specific monoamine norepinephrine transporter (K^sub i^, 699 nM), as measured by a competition binding assay based on 3 LLC-PK^sub 1^ cell lines from pig kidney expressing the 3 transporters (5). The effective dose of radiation...
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Preclinical and clinical properties of trimegestone: A potent and selective progestin
; ...of TMG to various steroid receptors were assessed using recombinant human steroid receptors and radiolabeled ligands in competition-binding assays [8]. Data were expressed as percentages of the reference steroids, with the reference value set at 100. The binding...
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Influence of Chelate Conjugation on a Newly Identified Tumor-Targeting Peptide
; ...measurements indicated a fixed α-helix structure of FROPDOTA representing a strong change in secondary structure. In competition binding experiments, the binding constant (K^sub D^) to FRO82-2 cells was determined to be 494 nM. Despite this avid binding affinity...
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Stability of Fatty Acyl-Coenzyme A Thioester Ligands of Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor-4[alpha] and Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor-[alpha]
; ...thioesters of long-chain FA (LCFA, C^sub 14^-C^sub 22^) in in vitro binding assays (1-7). Although early radioligand competition binding assays showed these proteins exhibiting only weak affinities (i.e., M K^sub i^) for LCFA-CoA (1,6), subsequent direct...
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Nuclear export in plants: Use of geminvirus movement proteins for a cell-based export assay
; ...transcription factor R but appears not to function in mammalian cells (Hicks and Raikhel, 1995). Despite their lack of similarity, competition binding studies using isolated plant nuclei suggest that both the MATalpha2-type NLS and the classic basic NLS bind to the same...
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Global governance: turning reflection into resolve, NATION
; ...of having one WTO group to deal with tariffs and trade, and another to cover rules on investment, environment and trade competition binding only on those who accept to subscribe to them. It might be necessary to simplify the Doha Development Agenda by taking...
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Competitive Binding of Cholesterol and Ergosterol to the Polyene Antibiotic Nystatin. A Fluorescence Study
; ...this question, and in an effort to determine the relative affinities of this antibiotic for Chol and Erg, we carried out competition binding studies between the two sterols and Nys by exploiting the sensitivity of its fluorescence properties to the aggregation...
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