Background

Leprosy is a neglected disease that is still endemic in Brazil; in 2006, 38333 new leprosy cases were diagnosed and the prevalence was 2.1/10 000. [1] It is well established that leprosy is transmitted by person-to-person contact, [2] however, controversy remains as to whether other sources of Mycobacterium leprae such as accidental inoculation, [3] tattooing, [4] dog bites, [5] and, of more relevance to this paper, direct contact with infected armadillos [6],[7],[8],[9],[10] can contribute to its transmission.

M. leprae infection was first identified as a naturally occurring one ...

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