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Anemia of chronic disease: A harmful disorder or an adaptive, beneficial response?
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Clinical paradigms
Anemia of chronic disease is a hypoproliferative anemia that develops in response to systemic illness or inflammation.1 It was first described in the 1930s and was more fully characterized by Cartwright and Wintrobe in the 1950s.2 Although the second most prevalent after anemia caused by iron deficiency, it is the commonest among patients with chronic illness.3 A variety of clinical conditions can lead to anemia of chronic disease, including infection, cancer and autoimmune conditions.
In comprehensive population-based studies, precise estimates of prevalence are difficult ...
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Pinyin celebrates 50th birthday, one billion people use it to learnChinese
News Wire article from: Xinhua News Agency
; Pinyin celebrates 50th birthday, one billion people...BEIJING, Feb. 10 (Xinhua) -- Hanyu Pinyin, or the Chinese phonetic system, will...learn mandarin since the first edition of pinyin was issued in 1958. "Pinyin is useful...
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Pinyin trick to cut links witless
Newspaper article from: China Daily
; ...that it was determined to adopt tongyong pinyin, a Chinese romanization system created...Chinese-culture people opt for hanyu pinyin, a romanization system prevalent on the...independence forces favour tongyong pinyin, which they think, will promote the...
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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS, OCLC, RLG AND OTHER U.S. LIBRARIES SWITCH TO PINYIN ROMANIZATION SCHEME FOR CHINESE.(Industry Trend or Event)
Newspaper article from: Online Libraries & Microcomputers
; ...join the international community in using Pinyin as the standard Romanization scheme for...century, will no longer be used. In Pinyin, for example, the former Chinese leader...under Wade-Giles; "Qing dynasty" (Pinyin) will be used, rather than "Ch'ing...
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Patent No. 7,478,033 Issued on Jan. 13, Assigned to Google for Chinese Pinyin Translation Method (Californian Inventors)
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News
; ...developed methods for translating Chinese pinyin to Chinese characters. The inventors...Systems and methods to process and translate pinyin to Chinese characters and words are disclosed...the context. A method for translating a pinyin input generally includes generating a...
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Taiwan said considering use of China's pinyin system.
Newspaper article from: Asian Political News
; ...is considering to switch to China's pinyin system to romanize Mandarin Chinese and...on Tuesday that a modified version of pinyin, which is also used by the United Nations...the addition of sounds not included in pinyin, would be necessary to correctly render...
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China should use "Pinyin" instead of English to in place names: official
News Wire article from: Xinhua News Agency
; China should use "Pinyin" instead of English to in place names: official...need foreign versions should be written in "Pinyin," the phonetic symbols for Chinese, instead of English. "Using Pinyin is not only written in the 'Regulations on...
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PINYIN KING 1.0 PASSED TECHNICAL APPRAISAL
News Wire article from: AsiaInfo Services
; ...Adeyemi AsiaInfo Services 09-10-1996 Pinyin King 1.0 Passed Technical Appraisal...launched Pingyin King 1.0, an intelligent Pinyin Chinese Character input system, which...4 in Beijing. On the basis of Chinese Pinyin program issued by the State, this system...
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GOOGLE TO ROLL OUT PINYIN INPUT METHOD SERVICE
News Wire article from: AsiaInfo Services
; ...Services 04-05-2007 Google to Roll out Pinyin Input Method Service BEIJING, Apr 05...search company Google will launch Chinese pinyin input method service, and the company...service is temporarily named "Google Pinyin", and it was earlier believed to have...
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Opting for characters over pinyin
Newspaper article from: China Daily
; ...arrival and made up my mind that learning pinyin (the phonetic system for Chinese characters...further studies. He explained that although pinyin is easier, it may cause a lot of misunderstandings...the tones, so if I had studied only the pinyin I would still be having difficulty. At...
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CFA 18 Million Textbooks For GHS Kwang- Pinyin.
News Wire article from: Africa News Service
; ...Media via COMTEX) -- Bamenda (Mezam)- Pinyin clan in Santa sub division recently jubilated...textbooks donated to GHS Kwang by the Pinyin Development Organisation, PDO-USA branch...the betterment and development of the Pinyin clan. He pleaded that students should...
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