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Wispy, the Drosophila Homolog of GLD-2, Is Required During Oogenesis and Egg Activation
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ABSTRACT
Egg activation is the process that modifies mature, arrested oocytes so that embryo development can proceed. One key aspect of egg activation is the cytoplasmic polyadenylation of certain maternal mRNAs to permit or enhance their translation. wispy (wisp) maternal-effect mutations in Drosophila block development during the egg-to-embryo transition. We show here that the wisp gene encodes a member of the GLD-2 family of cytoplasmic poly(A) polymerases (PAPs). The WISP protein is required for poly(A) tail elongation of bicoid, Toll, and torso mRNAs upon egg activation. In Drosophila, ...
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Effects of altering pHi and pHo on the activation of Chaetopterus eggs.
; ...seem to be universally involved in egg activation, the role of [pH.sub.i] is controversial...i] changes at oocyte maturation and egg activation in Chaetopterus by two approaches...sub.o]) and [NH.sub.4]Cl on GVBD and egg activation, and we measured changes in intracellular...
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Gamete spawning and fertilization in the gymnolaemate bryozoan Membranipora membranacea.
; ...supporting Silen's proposal is that egg activation (e.g., elevation of a fertilization...coelom, whereas the site of egg activation is in the external seawater...membranacea, sperm-egg fusion and egg activation may be temporally separated...
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Ionophore-induced calcium waves activate unfertilized zebrafish (Danio rerio) eggs.
; Egg activation is accompanied by propagating [Ca.sup.2+] waves that can be induced...sup.2+] (31% of the eggs observed), it was coincident with localized egg activation, judged by localized raising of the chorion. Figure 1 shows a representative...
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Genetic Interactions of Drosophila melanogaster arrest Reveal Roles for Translational Repressor Bruno in Accumulation of Gurken and Activity of Delta
; ...transcript-specific forms of regulation, such as the coordinated activation of large classes of mRNAs by interaction of cytoplasmic polyadenylation element (CPE)-binding protein with the CPE and subsequent extension of the poly(A) tail (MENDEZ and RICHTER 2001...
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Slugs, yeast aid in memory research
; ...Meanwhile, Kausik Si, a postdoc in Kandel's laboratory, was studying a protein in sea slug neurons with the ungainly name, cytoplasmic polyadenylation element binding protein, or CPEB. He noticed that the end of that protein contains a region that looks much like the...
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RNA-Binding Proteins in Early Development
; ...breakdown (GVBD), and after fertilization of the egg, previously quiescent mRNAs are translationally stimulated by cytoplasmic polyadenylation to provide the dividing cells with the necessary polypeptides, such as c-mos and cyclins, whereas housekeeping mRNAs...
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The Drosophila Fragile X Protein dFMR1 Is Required During Early Embryogenesis for Pole Cell Formation and Rapid Nuclear Division Cycles
; ...identified (COSTA et al. 2005). One of the key targets in the ovary is orb, which encodes the fly germlinespecific cytoplasmic polyadenylation element-binding protein. orb is required for oocyte specification and for the establishment of the anterior-posterior...
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Germ-Cell Warfare in Ascidians: Sperm From One Species Can Interfere With the Fertilization of a Second Species.
; ...on the vitelline coat [4, 5, 6, 7]. Follicle cells surrounding the vitelline coat release N-acetylglucosaminidase during egg activation [8], preventing the binding of all sperm but a few [2]. I show here that this interaction is not species-specific; sperm...
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CAN ARTIFICIAL TECHNIQUES SUPPLY MORALLY NEUTRAL HUMAN EMBRYOS FOR RESEARCH? Part I. Creating Novel Categories of Human Embryos
; ...some cases using human gametes. Regardless of the genetic contributors or the processes used to fertilize and stimulate egg activation, in each case the new embryo represents an individual organism that begins a process of development. We conclude that the...
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RODENTICAL; Cloned Ralph the future of lab rats.(News)
; ...Dolly the sheep, rats had been impossible to clone, as their eggs failed to form embryos, but a way was found to manipulate egg activation. Cloned mice are already used routinely in laboratories, but because rats are larger fewer are needed for studies, and monitoring...
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