Sound source location modulates the irrelevant-sound effect

From: Memory & Cognition | Date: April 1, 2008| Author: Buchner, Axel; Bell, Raoul; Rothermund, Klaus; Wentura, Dirk | Copyright information

Participants memorized lists of visually presented digits in silence or while ignoring distractor sounds that either came from the front and thus from the direction in which participants' attention was oriented, or from behind. Distractor sounds impaired recall performance, but the largest impairment was observed when the sound source was directionally close to the frontal visual target display. The results are consistent with the assumption of cross-modal attentional links in models of atten...

Related newspaper, magazine, and journal articles from HighBeam Research

Artificially induced valence of distractor words increases the effects of irrelevant speech on serial recall
Memory & Cognition ; In a game context, nonwords either were artificially associated with negative valence or were in some sense neutral or irrelevant. Subsequently, participants memorized target words in silence or while attempting to ignore the negatively valent, irrelevant, or neutral auditory distractor nonwords.
A constrained Rasch model of trace redintegration in serial recall
Memory & Cognition ; The notion that verbal short-term memory tasks, such as serial recall, make use of information in long-term as well as in short-term memory is instantiated in many models of these tasks. Such models incorporate a process in which degraded traces retrieved from a short-term store are reconstructed,
Reexamining the phonological similarity effect in immediate serial recall: The roles of type of similarity, category cuing, and item recall
Memory & Cognition ; Study of the phonological similarity effect (PSE) in immediate serial recall (ISR) has produced a conflicting body of results. Five experiments tested various theoretical ideas that together may help integrate these results. Experiments 1 and 2 tested alternative accounts that explain the effect of
A comparative analysis of serial and free recall
Memory & Cognition ; Multitrial free and serial recall tasks differ both in recall instruction and in presentation order across trials. Waugh (1961) compared these paradigms with an intermediate condition: free recall with constant presentation order. She concluded that differences between free and serial recall were
Time does not cause forgetting in short-term serial recall
Psychonomic Bulletin & Review ; Time-based theories expect memory performance to decline as the delay between study and recall of an item increases. The assumption of time-based forgetting, central to many models of serial recall, underpins their key behaviors. Here we compare the predictions of time-based and event-based models