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Bombesin Prevents the Atrophy of Peyer's Patches and the Dysfunction of M Cells in Rabbits Receiving Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition
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ABSTRACT. Background: Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) induces atrophy of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). We examined whether bombesin could ameliorate this atrophy of Peyer's patches and the down-regulation of particle transport by M cells, which was also observed in rabbits undergoing PN. Methods: Adult female rabbits were randomized into 6 groups to receive chow ad libitum, chow + bombesin, PN, or PN + bombesin (20 µg/kg, subcutaneously every 8 hours) for 2 or 4 weeks. At th...
Related newspaper, magazine, and journal articles from HighBeam Research
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Bombesin Prevents the Atrophy of Peyer's Patches and the Dysfunction of M Cells in Rabbits Receiving Long-Term Parenteral Nutrition
JPEN, Journal of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition
; ABSTRACT. Background: Long-term parenteral nutrition (PN) induces atrophy of the gut-associated lymphoid tissue (GALT). We examined whether bombesin could ameliorate this atrophy of Peyer's patches and the down-regulation of particle transport by M cells, which was also observed in rabbits
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Naive and memory T cells migrate in comparable numbers through the normal rat lung: Only effector T Cells accumulate and proliferate in the lamina propria of the bronchi
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
; T cells reach the lung via the pulmonary and bronchial arteries that supply the alveolar and bronchial regions. Although these regions are differentially affected by T cell-mediated diseases, the migration of T-cell subsets in these two regions has not been studied. Naive, memory, and effector T
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Arhgef1 Is Required by T Cells for the Development of Airway Hyperreactivity and Inflammation
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
; Rationale: Arhgef1 is an intracellular protein, expressed by hematopoietic cells, that regulates signaling by both G protein-coupled receptors and RhoA, and, consequently, is required for appropriate migration and adhesion of diverse leukocyte populations. Objectives: To evaluate a possible
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Phenotypic distribution of T cells in human nasal mucosa differs from that in the gut
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
; Phenotypic and functional studies are required to understand the immunoregulatory role of mucosal T cells. Information about T cells in the human upper respiratory tract is limited and conflicting. Therefore, we phenotyped T cells in nasal mucosa by means of multicolor in situ immunofluorescence.
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Effect of Cholesterol Depletion on Exocytosis of Alveolar Type II Cells
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
; Alveolar epithelial type II cells secrete lung surfactant via exocytosis. Soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor attachment protein receptors (SNARE) are implicated in this process. Lipid rafts, the cholesterol- and sphingolipid-rich microdomains, may offer a platform for protein organization on
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Caveolin-1 Expression and Membrane Cholesterol Content Modulate N-Type Calcium Channel Activity in NG108-15 Cells
Biophysical Journal
; ABSTRACT Caveolins are the main structural proteins of glycolipid/cholesterol-rich plasmalemmal invaginations, termed caveolae. In addition, caveolin-1 isoform takes part in membrane remodelling as it binds and transports newly synthesized cholesterol from endoplasmic reticulum to the plasma
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Aggregations of Lymphoid Cells in the Airways of Nonsmokers, Smokers, and Subjects with Asthma
American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine
; Persistent airway inflammation is present in cases with asthma and in smokers with airflow obstruction. Isolated aggregations of lymphoid cells (IALC) may be sites of localized inflammatory cell activation. Their distribution and characteristics in cartilaginous airways were assessed in postmortem
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Lung Dendritic Cells Have a Potent Capability to Induce Production of Immunoglobulin A
American Journal of Respiratory Cell and Molecular Biology
; The mucosal immune system provides the first line of defense against inhaled pathogens in the lung. This system is largely mediated by immunoglobulin A (IgA) locally produced by plasma cells, which originate from homing IgA-committed B cells. It has not been determined what types of
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The Ca^sup 2+^ dynamics of isolated mouse [beta]-cells and islets: Implications for mathematical models
Biophysical Journal
; ABSTRACT [Ca^sup 2sub i^ and electrical activity were compared in isolated [beta]-cells and islets using standard techniques. In islets, raising glucose caused a decrease in [Ca^sup 2sub i^ followed by a plateau and then fast (2-3 min^sup -1 slow (0.2-0.8 min^sup -1 or a mixture of fast and slow
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25 years of UV-induced Immunosuppression Mediated by T Cells-From Disregarded T Suppressor Cells to Highly Respected Regulatory T Cells[dagger]
Photochemistry and Photobiology
; ABSTRACT For more than 25 years it is known that UV radiation, in particular the UVB range suppresses the immune system. In contrast to conventional immunosuppression by immunosuppressive drugs, UV radiation does not compromise the immune system in a general but rather in an antigen-specific
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