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Experimental animal models to induce cardiac arrhythmias
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Introduction
Arrhythmias are disorders of heart rhythm. They are due to abnormalities in impulse generation, impulse conduction, or a combination of both. Abnormalities of impulse generation include abnormalities of automaticity and early or delayed after depolarization with triggered activity. Abnormalities of impulse propagation include conduction block and re-entry of the cardiac impulse. Combination of abnormalities of impulse formation and propagation can produce complex arrhythmi...
Related newspaper, magazine, and journal articles from HighBeam Research
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Apparent bradycardia-dependent block in the accessory pathway in intermittent Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome
Journal of Electrocardiology
; Shinji Kinoshita, MD,* and Takakazu Katoh, MD^ Abstract: A case of intermittent Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome is reported, which is the first report of an apparent bradycardia-dependent block in the accessory pathway. When the P-P interval gradually lengthened to a critical value of 0.89 second or
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Action Potential Duration Dispersion and Alternans in Simulated Heterogeneous Cardiac Tissue with a Structural Barrier
Biophysical Journal
; ABSTRACT Structural barriers to wave propagation in cardiac tissue are associated with a decreased threshold for repolarization alternans both experimentally and clinically. Using computer simulations, we investigated the effects of a structural barrier on the onset of spatially concordant and
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Seasonal Variation in Conduction Velocity of Action Potentials in Squid Giant Axons.
The Biological Bulletin
; FRANCISCO BEZANILLA Abstract. To determine whether the electrical properties of the squid giant axon are seasonally acclimated, action potentials, recorded at different temperatures, were compared between giant axons isolated from Loligo pealei caught in May, from relatively cold waters
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Calcium and cardiac arrhythmias: DADs, EADs, and alternans
Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Sciences
; ABSTRACT: Rapid progress has been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms by which calcium ions mediate certain cardiac arrhythmias. Principal advances include imaging of cytosolic calcium in isolated cells and in intact tissues, use of fluorescent indicators and monophasic action potentials
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Can shocks timed to action potentials in low-gradient regions improve both internal and out-of-hospital defibrillation?
Journal of Electrocardiology
; ... in Figure 1. This figure shows monophasic action potentials (MAPs) recorded from the low-gradient region both during successful ... using six isolated rabbit hearts (4). Shocks were synchronized to MAPs recorded from a low-intensity region near the base of the ventricle ...
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Imaging the heart: computer 3-dimensional anatomic models of the heart
Journal of Electrocardiology
; Abstract Since the 1960s, models of the action potential in various cardiac cell types have been developed, and since the 1990s, 3-dimensional anatomic (or geometric) models of various cardiac structures have been developed. We are approaching the time when, for one species, we should have a
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Low-frequency fatigue.(Update)
Physical Therapy
; Muscle fatigue has been defined as a temporary loss in force or torque-generating ability due to recent muscle contraction. (1) The mechanisms underlying muscle fatigue are numerous and may have their origins anywhere from the central nervous system (CNS) to cellular-level cross-bridge cycling.
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Quantification of Calcium Entry at the T-Tubules and Surface Membrane in Rat Ventricular Myocytes
Biophysical Journal
; ABSTRACT The action potential of cardiac ventricular myocytes is characterized by its long duration, mainly due to Ca flux through L-type Ca channels. Ca entry also serves to trigger the release of Ca from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of cell
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Tonic and Phasic Receptor Neurons in the Vertebrate Olfactory Epithelium
Biophysical Journal
; ABSTRACT Olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs) respond to odorants with characteristic patterns of action potentials that are relevant for odor coding. Prolonged odorant exposures revealed three populations of dissociated toad ORNs, which were mimicked by depolarizing currents: tonic (TN, displaying
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Extracellular Recordings of Field Potentials from Single Cardiomyocytes
Biophysical Journal
; ABSTRACT Open microfluidic channels were used to separate the extracellular space around a cardiomyocyte into three compartments: the cell ends and a central partition (insulating gap). The microchannels were filled with buffer solution and overlaid with paraffin oil, thus forming the cavities for
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