Templars
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
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2000
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© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information)
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Templars (or Knights Templar). The ‘Poor Knights of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon’, one of the two chief Military Orders of medieval Christendom. The original nucleus consisted of Hugh de Payens, a knight of Champagne, and eight companions who
c.1119 bound themselves by a solemn vow to protect pilgrims on the public roads of the Holy Land. They were given quarters on the site of Solomon's
Temple. At the Council of Troyes (1129) approval was given to their Rule, said to have been drawn up by St
Bernard. They soon increased in influence and wealth, acquiring property in every part of Christendom. They were also granted extensive privileges by the Papacy. In the Crusader States of the 12th and 13th cents. the professional forces of the Templars and the
Hospitallers played an important role in campaigns.
The integrity and credit of the Order led to its being trusted as a banking house. Its wealth led to its ruin after the fall of Acre (1291). Philip IV of France coveted its riches; aided by a renegade Templar he brought charges of sodomy, blasphemy, and heresy against the Order, and
Clement V reluctantly suppressed it at the Council of
Vienne in 1312. The Templars' innocence is now generally admitted.
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Newspaper article from: Cross Currents; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words
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Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas
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Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of World Religions
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Western Asceticism
Dictionary entry from: New Dictionary of the History of Ideas
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asceticism
Book article from: The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
asceticism. The term, derived from the Greek...theoretical foundations of Christian asceticism were developed by Clement of Alexandria...to favour a more temporate external asceticism and to lay more stress on interior abnegation...
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asceticism, this-worldly
Book article from: A Dictionary of Sociology
asceticism, this-worldly See PROTESTANT ETHIC THESIS .
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