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St Peter's, Rome

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church | 2000 | | © The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

St Peter's, Rome. The present 16th-cent. building replaced an older basilican structure, erected by Constantine (d. 337) on the supposed site of St Peter's crucifixion. Nicholas V (1447–55) planned to replace it by a new church in the form of a Latin cross. Work, begun under Julius II in 1506, was continued by a succession of architects, who all made changes in the design. The building was finished in 1614 and consecrated in 1626.

The traditional burial-place of St Peter is the confessio under the high altar. Excavations carried out since 1940 have revealed the existence of a Christian shrine dating from the 3rd cent., if not earlier.

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