Philip II
The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church
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2000
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© The Concise Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church 2000, originally published by Oxford University Press 2000. (Hide copyright information)
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Philip II (1527–98), of Spain. In 1556 he inherited a composite monarchy which included all the Spanish kingdoms, Naples, Sicily, and Milan, the
Netherlands, and the Spanish Empire in America and the Philippines. From 1554 to 1558, as the husband of
Mary (Tudor), he was also titular king of England, though never crowned. At first his policies were largely defensive. In the Netherlands, however, his religious policies and disregard of local laws led to civil war and foreign intervention. From
c.1580 his policies became more aggressive and were financed by increasing imports of American silver and foreign loans. He conquered
Portugal (1580), reconquered the southern Netherlands (modern
Belgium), organized the abortive Armada against England (1588), and sent his armies into France. He failed in his more ambitious aims, but he defended most of his dominions, maintained Catholicism, neutralized the Turks, and had a part in forcing
Henry IV of France to abandon Protestantism.
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Books: Heroic hate figure Philip II of Spain does not deserve his black reputation, says John Adamson
Newspaper article from: The Sunday Telegraph London; 5/25/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...384 pp For all his virtues, Philip's escutcheon is not entirely...received a worse press than Philip II of Spain. Sinister, black...Kamen points out, England and France had both executed more Protestants than Philip had in Spain. And when it...
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The Seventh Window: The King's Window Donated by Philip II and Mary Tudor to Sint Janskerk in Gouda, 1557.(Book review)
Magazine article from: Renaissance Quarterly; 6/22/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...King's Window Donated by Philip II and Mary Tudor to Sint...in the Netherlands as in France. Large church windows...upper expanses. In 1557 Philip II, giddy from his victory...political situation in which Philip II found himself in 1557...
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Philip II of Spain champion of catholicism: David McKinnon-Bell assesses the degree to which Philip II's policies were motivated by religious zeal. (Profiles in Power).
Magazine article from: History Review; 9/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; Unquestionably Philip II was a loyal son of the Catholic...the ruler of heretics'. Philip also attempted to improve...prohibited texts from Italy, France, and the Low Countries...Spanish Church at the time of Philip's accession was in dire...
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The Seventh Window: The King's Window Donated by Philip II and Mary Tudor to Sint Janskerk in Gouda (1557)
Magazine article from: The Catholic Historical Review; 7/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...had taken their oaths to Philip during his visit to The...the Provinces repudiated Philip's sovereignty in 1581...not. During World War II the whole collection was...images of the donors; Philip probably taken from a...formaEy declare war on France in 1557. On the whole...
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The Courtier and the King: Ruy Gomez de Silva, Philip II, and the Court of Spain.
Magazine article from: Renaissance Quarterly; 6/22/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...accession (1555-57). Philip even helped to arrange...skills as a courtier. Philip also bestowed Italian...the Netherlands and France drifted toward open warfare, Philip came to rely more heavily...dealing with Philip II's court, augmenting...
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Politics and War: European Conflict from Philip II to Hitler.
Magazine article from: The Historian; 1/1/1993; ; 700+ words
; ...colonies, furthermore, owed much to the opposition of France and Spain to Britain. The scramble for Africa, a century...justification for selecting 1559-1945 (from Spain under Philip II to Nazi Germany) to analyze the interaction of politics...
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The Winchester marriage, 1554: Michael Leech visits the city that is celebrating the anniversary of the marriage of Mary Tudor and the future Philip II of Spain, 450 years ago this month.(Frontline)
Magazine article from: History Today; 7/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...the marriage of Mary Tudor and Philip of Spain, on July 25th, 450...to enforce his opposition to France. Queen Mary's hope was to...Chamberlain of all England presented Philip with the Order of the Garter. Philip was received by the mayor of...
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The Princess in the Tower: Alex Sanmark tells the strange tale of the ill-fated marriage of Philip Augustus of France and his Danish princess at the end of the twelfth century.
Magazine article from: History Today; 2/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...1237/8) and King Philip II 'Augustus' of France (1165-1223) were...Some time later, Philip, however, unexpectedly...emperor'--in which France and Denmark were on opposing sides. Philip supported the Swabian...
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Months past: a French monarch dies, a great warship is born and a gangster is caught. Richard Cavendish looks at this month's anniversaries.(Henry II of France, HMS Victory, John Dillinger )
Magazine article from: History Today; 7/1/2009; ; 700+ words
; ...1519, the future Henry II married Catherine de Medici...had been brought up in France by her mother's family...a peace treaty between France and Spain. King Henry...from Brussels by King Philip of Spain, Henry's condition...year-old son Francis II, husband of Mary, but...
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Britain's Queen Elizabeth II visits France
News Wire article from: Xinhua News Agency; 4/5/2004; 464 words
; ...Britain's Queen Elizabeth II visits France PARIS, April 5 (Xinhua...Accompanied by her husband Prince Philip, Britain's Queen Elizabeth II arrived in Paris by Eurostar...her three day state visit to France to mark the centenary of the...
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Philip II
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Philip II Philip II (1165-1223), sometimes called Philip Augustus, ruled France from 1180 to 1223. He made the Crown more powerful than any feudal lord, more than tripled the royal domain, and turned the balance of power between France...
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Philip II (Spain) (1527–1598; Ruled 1556–1598)
Encyclopedia entry from: Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World
...in Italy to his son, now Philip II of Spain. The emperor retired...wider war against Henry II of France (ruled 1547 –...died in 1558, enabling Philip to seal the treaty by marrying Henry II's daughter, Isabelle...
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Philip II (1527–1598)
Book article from: The Renaissance
Philip II (1527 –...Americas. Charles named Philip his regent in Spain...in open warfare with France, a brewing rebellion...daughter of the king of France. The succession was thrown into doubt when Philip's son Don Carlos...
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Philip II of Spain
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to British History
Philip II of Spain (1527...consort of Mary Tudor. Philip's marriage to Mary...into the conflict with France, the effects of which...a counterbalance to France. But by 1565 many...were convinced that Philip intended to overthrow...
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Henry II (France) (1519–1559; Ruled 1547–1559)
Encyclopedia entry from: Europe, 1450 to 1789: Encyclopedia of the Early Modern World
...1547) and Claude of France, Henry was born on 31...urging of Pope Paul IV, Philip II (ruled 1556 – 1598) invaded northern France and defeated Montmorency...Quentin in August 1557. When Philip failed to push his forces...
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