bce | |
c.1720 | Hammurabi ruler of the first Babylonian Empire |
c.1700 | Abraham |
c.1250 | The Exodus |
c.1200–1020 | The Judges |
c.1020 | Saul unites the tribes as first king |
c.1000 | David is anointed king, and later captures Jerusalem |
c.962 | Accession of Solomon; building of the Temple is begun |
c.924 | Rehoboam succeeds Solomon; the kingdom is divided when the northern tribes choose Jeroboam as king |
c.880 | Omri establishes Samaria as capital of Israel |
865 | Activity of Elijah |
853 | Shalmanezer III of Assyria records battle with Ahab of Israel |
842 | Revolt of Jehu |
754/3 | Foundation of the city of Rome |
734 | Syro-Ephraimite conspiracy |
727–698 | Hezekiah king of Judah |
722 | Destruction of city of Samaria and end of the independent northern kingdom. Partial deportation |
701 | Assyrian record of the siege of Jerusalem |
698 | Manasseh king of Judah |
639 | Josiah king of Judah; killed in 609 |
597 | Jehoiachin becomes king; Nebuchadrezzar besieges Jerusalem. Partial deportation of inhabitants |
586 | Jerusalem captured; many inhabitants exiled |
586–538 | The Babylonian Exile |
538–520 | The Return from Exile and building of the Second Temple |
490 | Persians defeated by Athenians at Marathon |
445 | Nehemiah in Jerusalem |
332 | Alexander the Great conquers Palestine |
323 | Empire divided amongst Alexander’s generals. Seleucus gains Babylonia |
175 | Antiochus IV Epiphanes in control |
167 | Desecration of the Temple and the Maccabean War |
164 | Judas Maccabaeus defeats Lysias, enters Jerusalem, and rededicates the Temple (14 December) |
142–63 | Judaean independence |
63 | Capture of Jerusalem by Pompey |
37–4 | Herod the Great |
20 | Reconstruction of the Temple begins |
c.4 | Birth of Jesus |
ce | |
6 | Judaea placed under control of Roman prefect by Emperor Augustus |
14 | Tiberius Caesar succeeds Augustus |
c.25 | Philo of Alexandria expounds Judaism |
26–37 | Pontius Pilate prefect of Judaea |
c.30 | Crucifixion of Jesus |
33 | ‘Conversion’ of Paul |
41 | Execution of James by Herod Agrippa I |
49 | Expulsion of Jews from Rome by Emperor Claudius |
51 | Paul before Gallio in Corinth |
54 | Nero becomes emperor |
c.60 | Paul in prison |
62 | Execution of James the Lord’s brother in Jerusalem |
64 | The great fire in Rome |
66–73 | The Jewish War |
70 | Jerusalem captured by Titus; the Temple destroyed |
73 | Jewish rebels commit suicide after last stand at Masada |
81 | Domitian becomes emperor |
93 | Josephus writes his Antiquities of the Jewish People |
98 | Trajan becomes emperor |
c.115 | Letter of Polycarp shows knowledge of gospels |
132–5 | Second Jewish revolt under Simon Bar-Kochba put down by Romans |
c.135 | Aelia Capitolina built on site of Jerusalem by Emperor Hadrian |
144 | Excommunication of Marcion |
c.170 | Celsus: the first literary opponent of Christians |
