Frayn, Michael
The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre
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1996
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© The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre 1996, originally published by Oxford University Press 1996. (Hide copyright information)
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Frayn, Michael (1933– ), English playwright and novelist, who was already well known for his novels when his collection of four short plays
The Two of Us (1970) was produced in London. His full-length plays, mainly comedies with serious undertones, began with
The Sandboy (1971). He achieved his first big success with
Alphabetical Order (1975), set in the cuttings library of a provincial newspaper.
Donkeys' Years (1976) deals with the reunion after 20 years of six former university students and
Clouds (also 1976) is set in Cuba, its two main characters being rival male and female press reporters. Frayn achieved both popularity and critical praise with
Make and Break (1980), about a work-obsessed salesman at a foreign trade fair;
Noises Off (1982; NY, 1983), which hilariously depicts an incompetent theatrical troupe; and
Benefactors (1984; NY, 1985), in which an architect's plans for an inner-city site affect his relationships with his wife and friends.
His translations of
Chekhov's The Cherry Orchard and Tolstoy's
The Fruits of Enlightenment were produced at the
National Theatre in 1978 and 1979 respectively;
Wild Honey, his translation of Chekhov's
Platonov, was produced there in 1984 (NY, 1986). He also translated Chekhov's
The Seagull (1986),
Three Sisters (1987), and
Uncle Vanya (1988), and a group of his one-act plays and short stories presented as
The Sneeze (also 1988). Other translations included
Anouilh's Number One (1984).
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Elasmobranch landings for the Portuguese commercial fishery from 1986 to 2001.
Magazine article from: Marine Fisheries Review; 1/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...Musick, 1995). The delicate nature of elasmobranch populations emphasizes the need for...taxonomic group. In 1983, the Portuguese elasmobranch fishery expanded rapidly due to an...During the same period, the demand for elasmobranch flesh steadily increased, and at present...
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Feeding ecology of elasmobranch fishes in coastal waters of the Colombian Eastern Tropical Pacific.(Research article)(Report)
Magazine article from: BMC Ecology; 9/18/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...2]; Alan Giraldo [2] Background Elasmobranch fishes are among the top predators...Despite the ecological importance of elasmobranch fishes for the marine ecosystem, resource...amount of data on the diet of different elasmobranch species has been reported to date...
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An elasmobranch assemblage from the terrestrial-marine transitional Lethbridge Coal Zone (Dinosaur Park Formation: Upper Campanian), Alberta, Canada
Magazine article from: Journal of Paleontology; 5/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...reflects an increasing marine influence. Elasmobranch (sharks and rays) remains are the...extensive taphonomic reworking. The elasmobranch fauna collected from the Dinosaur Park...Formation. Although the presence of a rich elasmobranch fauna is described for the first time...
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Sharks, Skates, and Rays: The Biology of the Elasmobranch Fishes
Magazine article from: Northeastern Naturalist; 1/1/2002; ; 449 words
; ...Skates, and Rays : The Biology of the Elasmobranch Fishes, William Hamlett (Ed.) 1999...Frank Daniels' classic reference The Elasmobranch Fishes, this book serves as a valuable...may not have the formal background in elasmobranch biology. Sixteen chapters detail each...
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Central pathways mediating oculomotor reflexes in an elasmobranch, Scyliorhinus canicula.
Magazine article from: The Biological Bulletin; 10/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...extraocular motoneurons in the adults of elasmobranch species have uniformly demonstrated...rectus (LR) muscle is ipsilateral in elasmobranches, just as it is in all other vertebrates...frogs (16) and mammals (1). The elasmobranch developmental pattern is different...
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A novel statistical method for validating the periodicity of vertebral growth band formation in elasmobranch fishes.(Report)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences; 5/1/2009; ; 700+ words
; Introduction Elasmobranch species (sharks, skates, and...determine the age of fish. For elasmobranch fish, growth band pairs in the...authors of reports of the age of elasmobranch populations have assumed that growth...
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Long-term trends in catch composition from elasmobranch derbies in Elkhorn Slough, California.(Elkhorn Slough National Estuarine Research Reserve)
Magazine article from: Marine Fisheries Review; 1/1/2007; ; 700+ words
; ...means of collecting data on estuarine elasmobranch populations. From 1951 to 1962, Herald...format. Collection of data from the elasmobranch derbies was sporadic in the late 1960...these elasmobranchs in Elkhorn Slough. Elasmobranch species composition and seaso
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Smalltooth sawfish: the USA's first endangered elasmobranch? (Marine Matters).
Newspaper article from: Endangered Species Update; 5/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...2002, the smalltooth sawfish would become the first elasmobranch on the US Endangered Species List. Introduction...Pristiformes: Pristidae) are a group of seven species of elasmobranch that have a distinctive elongate tooth rostrum...
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First Observations of Feeding on Thresher (Alopias vulpinus) and Hammerhead (Sphyrna zygaena) Sharks by Killer Whales (Orcinus orca) Specialising on Elasmobranch Prey
Magazine article from: Aquatic Mammals; 1/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...this population. Key Words: Killer whale, Orcinus orca, elasmobranch, thresher shark, Alopias vulpinus, smooth-hammerhead...1). I describe killer whale predation on two additional elasmobranch prey Alopias vulpinus) and smooth-hammerhead (S. zygaena...
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Sustainability of elasmobranchs caught as bycatch in a tropical prawn (shrimp) trawl fishery.
Magazine article from: Fishery Bulletin; 10/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...prawn fishery (NPF) comprises 56 elasmobranch species (16 families). The impact...excluder devices (TEDs) in reducing elasmobranch bycatch varied greatly among species...been few evaluations of the ability of elasmobranch species to sustain population levels...
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elasmobranch
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
elasmobranch , cartilaginous fish, member of the subclass Elasmobranchii of the vertebrate class Chondrichthyes (see Chordata ). This group includes sharks , skates, and rays .
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Balfour, Francis Maitland
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
...he pursued intermittently, both in Italy and in Cambridge, until 1878, when he completed his outstanding monograph on elasmobranch development. He began lecturing on morphology and embryology at Trinity College in the fall term of 1873 and became director...
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Retzius, Anders Adolf
Dictionary entry from: Complete Dictionary of Scientific Biography
...made a subject of medical training. During the studies for his inaugural dissertation he discovered the interrenal organ of elasmobranch fishes which is — as was shown later — homologous with the adrenal cortex of higher animals. A few years...
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sharks
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to Ships and the Sea
sharks are elasmobranch fishes with cartilaginous skeletons. Elasmobranchs include about 368 species of selachians (true sharks) belonging to 30 families...
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Cestoda
Book article from: Animal Sciences
...subclasses, Cestodaria and Eucestoda. Cestodaria is a small subclass of relatively small tapeworms that are parasites to elasmobranch fishes (sharks, rays, and chimeras). The trunks of cestodarians are not segmented into proglottids. The rear of the...
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