Dionysia
The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre
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1996
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© The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre 1996, originally published by Oxford University Press 1996. (Hide copyright information)
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Dionysia, ancient Greek festival in honour of the god
Dionysus, closely associated with the development of comedy and tragedy, which, under the influence of
Thespis, evolved from the
dithyramb or ceremonial hymn. The most important of the Greek festivals was the City or Great Dionysia, held in Athens in Mar.—Apr., when the city was normally full of visitors. It was reorganized on a grand scale by the tyrant Pisistratus in the 6th century BC, and lasted for five or six days, opening with a splendid Dionysiac procession to the Parthenon. On the next three days a tragic trilogy (see
TETRALOGY), with its attendant
satyr-drama, was presented in the morning, while from the early 5th century onwards comedies, first seen only at the smaller and more intimate winter festival, the Lenaea, were given in the afternoon. The festivities concluded with a competitive contest for 10 dithyrambs. Plays given at the City Dionysia were usually revived later at the Rural Dionysia.
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