Commedia Erudita
The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre
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1996
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© The Concise Oxford Companion to the Theatre 1996, originally published by Oxford University Press 1996. (Hide copyright information)
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Commedia Erudita, ‘learned’ Italian counterpart in the early 16th century to the ‘popular’
commedia dell'arte. Based on the Roman comedies of
Plautus and
Terence, it tended towards the creation of types rather than individuals. Typical of the genre are the comedies of
Della Porta, which are all reducible to a single plot—two young people crossed in love, whose difficulties are resolved by a servant; the plays usually end with a recognition scene, after it has been revealed that one of the characters has previously been carried off by pirates, sold into slavery, or captured by the Turks. The writers of learned comedies were convinced that they had breathed new life into classical comedy—as indeed they had, but mainly thanks to their observation of contemporary life and manners. Among the masterpieces of the
commedia erudita are the comedies of
Aretino and
Ariosto,
La Calandria (1506) by Cardinal Bibbiena, and
La Mandragola (1520) by
Machiavelli.
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