rowan
A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology
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2004
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© A Dictionary of Celtic Mythology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information)
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rowan [ON reynir]. The small deciduous tree (genus
Sorbus aucuparia), also called the quicken tree or mountain ash, has rich associations in all modern Celtic literatures. Its distinctive clusters of white flowers and orange-red berries contribute to its reputation. In the
ogham alphabet of early Ireland the letter
L was signified by luis [rowan]. The
druids of Ireland favoured rowan, hawthorn, and
yew over the
oak, favoured by the druids of
Gaul. The semi-divine
Tuatha Dé Danann were thought to have brought rowan to Ireland from
Tír Tairngire [the Land of Promise]. In
Tochmarc Étaíne [The Wooing of Étaín], the jealous
Fuamnach transforms
Étaín into a pool of water by striking her with a rod of rowan.
Ailill mac Máta sends
Fráech in search of rowan, just as
Graínne demands that
Diarmait get some for her. Often the rowanberry was thought to foster rejuvenation: a man 160 years old could be returned to his prime with the honey taste of rowanberries. The happy dead rest under woven roofs of quicken or rowan boughs. The
salmon of knowledge [Ir.
eó fis,
eó fiosach] eats rowanberries. In all Celtic
fairy lore, the rowan was thought to offer the best protection against fairy enchantments and witchcraft. In the Isle of
Man twigs of rowan were made into crosses, crosh cuirn, and placed over doorways and hidden in the long tails of cattle to protect them from harm. On Man also rowan boughs were carried in
Beltaine [May Day] ceremonies. OIr. luis; ModIr. caorthann; ScG caorunn; Manx keirn, kern; W cerddinen; Corn. kerdhynen; Bret. kerzhinenn. See also the
FENIAN story;
BRUIDHEAN CHAORTHAINN [The Hostel of the Quicken Tree];
ASH.
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