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Petersburg, Siege of

The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military | 2001 | © The Oxford Essential Dictionary of the U.S. Military 2001, originally published by Oxford University Press 2001. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Petersburg, Siege of a siege begun in June 1864 when the Union Army of the Potomac crossed the James River after failing to destroy Confederate Gen. Robert E. Lee's Army of Northern Virginia. From June 15–18, Union forces made repeated efforts to seize Petersburg, an important railroad center twenty miles south of Richmond. When these failed, Lt. Gen. Ulysses S. Grant initiated siege operations, which continued until April 2, 1865. By early 1865, Lee's lines had been stretched near the breaking point and fearing the approach of Maj. Gen. William T. Sherman's forces, Lee evacuated Petersburg, leading the fall of Richmond. Lee surrendered a week later at Appomattox. Casualties for the siege totaled about 42,000 Union troops and 28,000 Confederates.

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