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instinct

A Dictionary of Biology | 2004 | © A Dictionary of Biology 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

instinct An innate tendency to behave in a particular way, which does not depend critically on particular learning experiences for its development and therefore is seen in a similar form in all normally reared individuals of the same sex and species. Much instinctive behaviour takes the form of fixed action patterns. These are movements that – once started – are performed in a stereotyped way unaffected by external stimuli. For example, a frog's prey-catching tongue flick is performed in the same way whether or not anything is caught. Some complex instinctive behaviour, however, requires some learning by the animal before it is perfected. Birdsong, for example, consists of an innate component that is modified and made more complex by the influence of other birds, the habitat, etc.

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Related entries from encyclopedias, dictionaries, and thesauruses

Ego-Instincts
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...replaced this first opposition by another, that between the life instinct and the death instinct, assigning both the ego-instincts and the sexual instincts to Eros (the life instinct). The term appeared first in the Minutes of the Vienna Psychoanalytic...
Mastery, Instinct for
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...stage of the concept of the dualism of the instincts. The instinct for mastery first appears in Freud's...1920, in the dualism that pits the life instincts against the death instincts, the instinct for mastery is viewed as merely a derivative...
Life Instinct (Eros)
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...instinct. The life instinct subsumed uninhibited sexual instincts, instinctual impulses...of only two basic instincts, Eros and the destructive instinct ." The aim of Eros...to bind the death instinct. When the instincts become disentangled...
Violence, Instinct of
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...corresponds to the instinct of self-preservation...first theory of the instincts. It involves what...that this brutal instinct can attract to itself...part of the sexual instincts, producing aggressive...energy of the sexual instincts in the direction...The role of the instinct of ...
Fusion/Defusion of Instincts
Dictionary entry from: International Dictionary of Psychoanalysis ...self-preservative instincts (or ego-instincts) on the other. In...second theory, the life instinct, or Eros, stood opposed...excitation of the sexual instinct" (1905d, p. 205...and defusion of the instincts ( Triebmischung/Triebentmischung...

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