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ergot
ergot
ergot The dark hard-walled mass of hyphae produced by the fungus
Claviceps purpurea (see
Ascomycota) in the grain of the cereals and other grasses that it parasitizes. Ergots are the
sclerotia of this species – resting bodies that germinate in favourable conditions to produce mycelia or ascocarps. They contain alkaloids related to LSD, which cause blood vessels to constrict and are used therapeutically in the treatment of migraine and haemorrhage. Ingestion of infected grain can result in ergot poisoning (ergotism), with symptoms of gangrene and hallucinations – known as `St Anthony's fire' in the Middle Ages.
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ERGOT IN CEREAL CROPS, GRASSES POSES THREAT TO LIVESTOCK
News Wire article from: US Fed News Service, Including US State News; 6/21/2007; 700+ words
; ...of infections already, most ergot infections won't be reported...cereal grains have headed. The ergot fungus, Claviceps purpurea...purple to black sclerotia or ergots. As little as 0.1 percent ergot in rations can have adverse...
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ergot. (Business).
Magazine article from: Farmers Weekly; 5/14/2004; 692 words
; ...it flowers early and carries ergot strains very pathogenic to wheat...pre-cropping action against ergot, he says. "A break crop can provide a respite and most ergots will only survive for one season...surface." Mr Gladders says ergot infection is at its worst when...
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Ergot and Its Alkaloids
Magazine article from: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education; 9/1/2006; ; 700+ words
; ...reviews the history and pharmacognosy of ergot, and describes the isolation/preparation...and pharmacotherapeutics of the major ergot alkaloids and their derivatives. A brief...offering Neurology/Psychiatry. Keywords: ergot, ergotism, ergot alkaloids, ergot alkaloid...
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Ergot. (Arable).
Magazine article from: Farmers Weekly; 1/21/2005; 700+ words
; ...seed and feed (see ergot standards box...clear the bulk of ergots from an infected...which leave infective ergots on the soil surface, tend to increase the ergot problem. Secondary...deficiency, pinpointing ergot infection is the...yourself where you have ergots and harvest it ...
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Determination of ergot alkaloids: purity and stability assessment of standards and optimization of extraction conditions for cereal samples.(FOOD CHEMICAL CONTAMINANTS)(Report)
Magazine article from: Journal of AOAC International; 11/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...purity study on standards of the 6 major ergot alkaloids ergometrine, ergotamine, ergosine...corresponding epimers are discussed. The 6 ergot alkaloids studied have been defined by...published method for the quantitation of ergot alkaloids in food samples using solid...
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Analysis of combining ability for ergot resistance in grain sorghum. (Crop Breeding, Genetics & Cytology).
Magazine article from: Crop Science; 11/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...ovaries (Frederickson et al., 1994). Ergot epidemics in seed and grain production...quality (Bandyopadhyay et al., 1998). Ergot can be particularly devastating in hybrid...disease. The recent and global spread of ergot has forced hybrid sorghum seed producers...
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Analysis of resistance to ergot in sorghum and potential alternate hosts. (Crop Breeding, Genetics & Cytology).(Statistical Data Included)
Magazine article from: Crop Science; 7/1/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...and wild races (Cui et al., 1995). Ergot of sorghum recently has become a plant...identified in India in 1917 and Kenya in 1924, ergot for many years was characterized as an...Frederickson et al., 1991). However, ergot was reported in 1995 in hybrid-seed production...
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Jewish mystical movements and the European ergot epidemics / Commentary
Magazine article from: The Israel Journal of Psychiatry and Related Sciences; 1/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...if not later (9, 10). Ergot and Its Effects Pharmacological...paper has been referring to ergot as though it were a single entity...pharmacologically-active ergot alkaloids, each with slightly...pharmacological properties. All of these ergots stimulate the brain's production...
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Agronomy: Two-metre strip set to increase ergot threat?
Magazine article from: Arable Farming; 8/16/2004; 700+ words
; ...standards (HVS) of zero ergots per kilogram in pre-Basic and Basic seed and one ergot per kilogram in C1 and...equivalent standard of one ergot per kilogram of seed, growers could be sowing 200 ergots per hectare, said Dr Thomas. Seed sources of ergot are, however, relatively...
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Ergot brings quality fears.(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Farmers Weekly; 8/30/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...experienced no rejections due to ergot in this year's crops up to...context. "We have seen no more ergot than in normal seasons." But...far seem to have escaped, but ergots have been found in Malacca, Hereward and Option. The ergot reports are adding to the picture...
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ergot
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
ergot , disease of rye and other cereals caused...pink or purple body, the sclerotium, or ergot, that resembles a grain of rye in shape...that are toxic to humans and livestock. Ergot poisoning, or ergotism, epidemic in the...
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Sir Henry Hallett Dale
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
...continued at the National Institute. Problem of Ergot A liquid extract of the fungus ergot had been used for centuries in obstetrics to stimulate...laboratories, had prepared other substances from ergot, and in 1906 Dale carried out a detailed pharmacological...
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Antimigraine Medications
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Neurological Disorders
...pain tends to recur within 24 hours of the first dose. ERGOT ALKALOIDS Ergot alkaloids are an older group of drugs that include such...DHE-45, Migranal). These drugs are derived from ergot, a compound produced by a fungus ( Claviceps purpurea...
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Cults and Drug Use
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Drugs, Alcohol, and Addictive Behavior
...ancient Greece, for example, the use of ergot (genus Claviceps), a fungus that grows...Revolution/Love Generation, when a purified ergot derivative (Lysergic Acid Di-Ethylamide...the word lysergic means "dissolving ergot." In Islam, alcohol is forbidden, but...
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Uterine Stimulants
Encyclopedia entry from: Gale Encyclopedia of Surgery: A Guide for Patients and Caregivers
...used most frequently are the oxytocins, prostaglandins, and ergot alkaloids. Uterotonics may be given intravenously (IV...including PGF2alpha (Hemabate), misoprostol (Cytotec), or the ergot alkaloid methylergonovine (Methergine). Prostaglandins Prostaglandins...
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