coffee houses
The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature
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2003
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© The Concise Oxford Companion to English Literature 2003, originally published by Oxford University Press 2003. (Hide copyright information)
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coffee houses. The first recorded coffee house in England was in Oxford in 1650 (mentioned by A.
Wood), and the first in London was in 1652, in St Michael's Alley, off Cornhill, at the Sign of Pasqua Rosee. They were much frequented in the 17th and 18th cents for political and literary discussions, circulation of news, etc. Among the most celebrated coffee and chocolate houses were the Bedford (Covent Garden, a favourite with actors), Button's (Covent Garden, popular with
Addison and his circle), Don Saltero's (Cheyne Walk), Garraway's (Change Alley, Corn Hill), the Grecian (Essex Street, frequented by members of the
Royal Society), Slaughter's (St Martin's Lane, a favourite of
Hogarth and other artists), White's (St James's), and Will's (Bow Street, frequented by authors, wits, and gamblers, and particularly associated with
Dryden). Their decline during the 18th cent. has been in part attributed to the increasing popularity of clubs, such as the
Club, the
Kit-Cat Club, the Cocoa-Tree Club, and the Brothers Club (founded in 1711 by
Bolingbroke).
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