Micronesia, Federated States of

Micronesia, Federated States of A country in the west Pacific Ocean, comprising a group of islands divided into four states: Yap, Chuuk (formerly Truk), Pohnpei (formerly Ponape), and Kosrae.

Physical

The Federated States of Micronesia forms part of the Caroline Islands group, one of the archipelagos east of the Philippines. The islands are low coral caps surmounting submerged extinct volcanoes. The climate is tropical, and the area is prone to typhoons.

Economy

Micronesia's principal crops are coconuts (providing the main export, copra), cassava, breadfruit, and sweet potatoes. Industry is confined to garment production.

History

The first settlers on the islands were probably Melanesians who arrived in about 1500 BC. Micronesia was colonized by Spain in the 17th century and was sold to Germany in 1898. The islands were occupied by Japan from 1914 until their capture by American forces in 1944. In 1947 Micronesia became part of the UN Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands, administered by the USA. From 1965 there were increasing demands for autonomy and Micronesia became independent in 1979. The US administration was not formally ended until 1986 and was not ratified by the UN until 1990. A compact of free association was signed with the USA in 1982, giving the USA responsibility for Micronesia's defence. Micronesia's economy is weak and the country depends on financial assistance from the USA. Bailey Olter, first elected in 1991, was re-elected in 1995.

Capital:	Palikir (on Pohnpei)
Area:	701 sq km (270 sq miles)
Population:	108,000 (1998 est)
Currency:	1 US dollar = 100 cents
Religions:	Christianity
Ethnic Groups:	Trukese 41.1%; Pohnpeian 25.9%; Mortlockese 8.3%; Kosraean 7.4%; Yapese 6.0%
Languages:	English (official); Micronesian languages
International Organizations:	UN