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Kulturkampf
Kulturkampf
Kulturkampf (German, “conflict of cultures” or beliefs) The conflict between the German government headed by
BISMARCK and the Roman Catholic Church (1872–87) for the control of schools and Church appointments. Bismarck, anxious to strengthen the central power of the
GERMAN SECOND EMPIRE in which southern Germany, Alsace-Lorraine, and the Polish provinces were predominantly Catholic, issued the May Decrees (1873), restricting the powers of the Catholic Church and providing for the punishment of any opponents. By 1876 1300 parishes had no priest: opponents had become martyrs. Needing Catholic support in the Reichstag, Bismarck repealed many of the anti-Church laws or let them lapse.
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The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf: Catholicism and State Power in Imperial Germany, 1871-1887
Magazine article from: The Catholic Historical Review; 4/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf Catholicism and State Power in...levels of contestation. The German Kulturkampf between the Catholic Church on...According to Ronald J. Ross, the Kulturkampf ended in complete failure-a conclusion...
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The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf. Catholicism and State Power in Imperial Germany, 1871-1887.(Review)
Magazine article from: Canadian Journal of History; 12/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf. Catholicism and State Power in...significant battles. Among these, the Kulturkampf (church-state conflict, 1871...studies of various aspects of the Kulturkampf abound, few have addressed the...
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Democracy, Kulturkampf, and the apartheid of the closet
Magazine article from: Vanderbilt Law Review; 3/1/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...premise that "[t]he Court has mistaken a Kulturkampf for a fit of spite,"6 and arguing at length...process. Justice Scalia was using the term "Kulturkampf" out of context. Kulturkampf, a German word for "culture war" or "struggle...
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Von Luther zu Bismarck: Kulturkampf und nationale Identitat bei Theodor Fontane, Conrad Ferdinand Meyer und Gerhart Hauptmann
Magazine article from: German Quarterly; 10/1/2000; ; 700+ words
; ...Sprengel, Peter. Von Luther zu Bismarck: Kulturkampf and rationale Identitat bei Theodor...persistent use of motifs from the Kulturkampf, long after anti-Catholicism had...account current interest by linking the Kulturkampf to a present-day German bureaucracy...
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Cholera and Kulturkampf: Government Decision Making and the Impetus to Establish Nursing as a Secular Occupation in Prussia in the 1870s
Magazine article from: Nursing History Review; 1/1/2008; ; 700+ words
; ...orders from Prussian territory during the Kulturkampf coincided with a cholera epidemic gave...Catholic orders could be established. The Kulturkampf Laws and the Catholic Nursing Orders...in the early 1870s, leading to the Kulturkampf. 7 Otto von Bismarck (1815-98...
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"To avoid a new Kulturkampf": the Catholic Workers' Associations and National Socialism in Weimar-era Bavaria.
Magazine article from: Journal of Church and State; 9/22/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...Catholics. Ever since the original Kulturkampf (the struggle for civilization) of...revived anti-Catholicism, of a new Kulturkampf. Many German Catholics thus avoided...prevent, or who might bring, another Kulturkampf was a central concern. Given that Catholicism...
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The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf: Catholicism and State Power in Imperial Germany, 1871-1887.
Magazine article from: Church History; 9/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; The Failure of Bismarck's Kulturkampf: Catholicism and State Power in...Roman Catholic Church. The name Kulturkampf signifies his conviction that the...Ross that the literature on the Kulturkampf, like that on comparable programs...
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Liberaler Katholik--Reformkatholik--Modernist?: Franz Xaver Kraus (1840-1901) zwischen Kulturkampf und Modernismuskrise.(Book Review)
Magazine article from: Theological Studies; 9/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...XAVER KRAUS (1840-1901) ZWISCHEN KULTURKAMPF UND MODERNISMUSKRISE. Michael Graf...were taking steps to move beyond the Kulturkampf. G. ends his account at the fin de...implicitly supported the section of the Kulturkampf's May Laws that expelled Jesuits from...
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Kulturkampf in France. (parochial schools and state)
Magazine article from: National Review; 4/6/1984; ; 700+ words
; ...enduring reminder we have of the confrontation is the word Kulturkampf ("fight for culture"), which was coined by Rudolf Virchow...Socialist government of Francois Mitterrand is heading toward a Kulturkampf of its own. During his election campaign in 1981, Mitterrand...
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The religious kulturkampf
Newspaper article from: Jerusalem Post; 7/6/2009; ; 700+ words
; ...LEIBLER Jerusalem Post 07-06-2009 Headline: The religious kulturkampf Byline: ISI LEIBLER Edition; Daily Section: Opinion Page...challenges confronting us divert attention from a festering kulturkampf within the religious arena the outcome of which will impact...
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Kulturkampf
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
Kulturkampf [Ger.,=conflict of cultures], the conflict between the German...1887 a modus vivendi was reached with Pope Leo XIII . In evaluating the Kulturkampf in Germany it is important to remember that the church was at odds with...
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Rhine Province
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...Province in 1824. One of the strongholds of Roman Catholicism in Germany, the province played an important part in the Kulturkampf later in the century. Under the Treaty of Versailles (1919), the border territories of Eupen and of Malmedy and Moresnet...
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Count Mieczisław Ledóchowski
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...1865) archbishop of Gniezno and Poznań (then in Prussian Poland). When the Prussian government, opening the Kulturkampf , forbade the use of Polish in instruction in Poznań, Ledóchowski ignored the order and was jailed in...
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Canossa
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...between him and the pope was short-lived. The political implications of this episode inspired Bismarck to coin the phrase "to go to Canossa" (i.e., to submit to the demands of the Roman Catholic Church) in the Kulturkampf.
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Otto von Bismarck
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...affairs was no less apparent than his international stature. The empire, soon after its establishment, was disturbed by the Kulturkampf , a fierce struggle between the state on the one hand and the Roman Catholic Church and Catholic Center party on the other...
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