Mossadeq, Muhammad

A Dictionary of Contemporary World History | 2004 | 700+ words | Copyright

Mossadeq, Muhammad (b. 1880, d. 5 Mar. 1967). Prime Minister of Iran 1951–3 A wealthy landowner, he joined the first government of Reza Shah Pahlavi, but then withdrew from politics until 1942. He became a government official, and in 1951 was named Prime Minister. A convinced nationalist, he nationalized the oil industry and proposed the reduction of foreign influence in all other matters. He was extremely popular among the people, and restored some of the pride lost over one century of foreign (mainly British and Russian) dominance. Due to his popularity, Muhammad Reza Shah Pahlavi was unable to control him, and was forced into exile himself in 1953. However, his programme of nationalization ran completely against US interests. In a CIA-sponsored coup by the Iranian army (codenamed ‘Ajax’), he was removed and sentenced to solitary confinement, while the Shah returned to his throne.

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JAN PALMOWSKI. "Mossadeq, Muhammad." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 30 May. 2012 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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JAN PALMOWSKI. "Mossadeq, Muhammad." A Dictionary of Contemporary World History. 2004. Retrieved May 30, 2012 from Encyclopedia.com: http://www.encyclopedia.com/doc/1O46-MossadeqMuhammad.html

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