Jedwabne Massacre
A Dictionary of Contemporary World History
|
2004
|
|
© A Dictionary of Contemporary World History 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information)
Copyright
Jedwabne Massacre (10 July 1941) An anti-Semitic massacre formerly thought to have been committed by the
Nazi occupation force in Jedwabne, a Polish town of about 2,500 inhabitants about 100 km (60 miles) north-east of Warsaw. In 2001 a Polish historian, Jan Thomasz Gross, claimed that the atrocity was committed, in fact, by Poles of their own free will. In a book entitled
Neighbours: The Destruction of the Jewish Community in Jedwabne, he showed that its 1,600 Jews were ordered by the Polish mayor to gather on the market square. They were butchered by the townspeople and subsequently incinerated. These revelations caused a huge debate in Poland. It raised difficult and painful questions about Polish
anti-Semitism before and during World War II, and it brought to the surface a debate about the complicity of many Poles in many of the crimes committed by the Germans. On its 60th anniversary, the Polish President,
Kwasniewski, and the Polish Catholic Church publicly apologized for the massacre.
Cite this article
Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography.
|
Ottmar Mergenthaler: The Man and his Machine.(Review)
Magazine article from: Papers of the Bibliographical Society of Canada; 3/22/2001; ; 700+ words
; Basil Kahan. Ottmar Mergenthaler: The Man and his Machine. New...of commercial acceptance, was Ottmar Mergenthaler, inventor of the Linotype. The life of Ottmar Mergenthaler is a classic story of American...
|
|
MUSEUM OF PRINTING ACQUIRES AN ORIGINAL LINOTYPE MACHINE ONE OF TWO BUILT
Newspaper article from: The Boston Globe; 4/7/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...was the Linotype machine. Ottmar Mergenthaler's invention, one of two...Linotype machine produced by Mergenthaler's company in the early 1970s...to make a lot of money." Mergenthaler was a German-born immigrant...
|
|
SETTING THE STAGE for the 20th Century.
Magazine article from: Graphic Arts Monthly; 12/1/1999; 700+ words
; ...century slowed the development by Ottmar Mergenthaler and others of a hot-metal...biggest invention of that era. Mergenthaler's Linotype machine, which...group of engineers from the Mergenthaler organization formed a competing...
|
 "The Record (Bergen County, NJ)")
|
Always a hot story
Newspaper article from: The Record (Bergen County, NJ); 3/23/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...Not just any linotype, but a Mergenthaler, Model 8, No. 44265R, dating to the late 1920s. Ottmar Mergenthaler of Baltimore invented the linotype...the alphabet: ETAOIN SHRDLU. "Mergenthaler, that man was a genius," says...
|
|
Idaho Man Provides Last Vestiges of Hot-Metal Printing Type.(Originated from The Spokesman-Review, Spokane, Wash.)
Newspaper article from: Knight Ridder/Tribune Business News; 7/7/1997; ; 700+ words
; Jul. 7--A century after Ottmar Mergenthaler invented the Linotype, it seems...catalogs put together." Before Mergenthaler's invention in 1886, printing...the availability of books, Mergenthaler made them affordable to the...
|
|
The information age ... in 1830.
Magazine article from: Cobblestone; 1/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...had at least one typewriter. Another technology, invented by German American Ottmar Mergenthaler (1854-1899), sprang from the typewriter. In 1884, Mergenthaler introduced the Linotype, a machine whose typewriter keyboard could set printing...
|
|
How it started one evening over drinks.(MESSAGE FROM THE PUBLISHER)(Company overview)
Magazine article from: Real Estate Weekly; 8/20/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...type and produced his Bible, and from then until Ottmar Mergenthaler invented a linotype machine in 1886 much was unchanged. The text of REW was first produced by a Mergenthaler linotype, and since then things have changed...
|
|
Adjustable tools and Mark Twain
Magazine article from: The Chronicle of the Early American Industries Association, Inc.; 3/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...One could set type with it, but not for long, for it had a tendency to break type and break down. Meanwhile, Ottmar Mergenthaler came along with his linotype machine which worked far better and cost much less, thereby killing any future the...
|
 "Albany Times Union (Albany, NY)")
|
Some types enjoy Museum of Printing.(Main)
Newspaper article from: Albany Times Union (Albany, NY); 8/7/2005; 700+ words
; ...time and pluck into the hole." The museum boasts an 1885 prototype of the first linotype machine, invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler. It also has an original plate from Page One of The New York Times the day after the moon landings, which reads...
|
|
Museum Shows Power of the Printing Press
News Wire article from: AP Online; 7/17/2005; ; 662 words
; ...time and pluck into the hole." The museum boasts an 1885 prototype of the first linotype machine, invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler. It also has an original plate from Page One of The New York Times the day after the moon landings, which reads...
|
|
Ottmar Mergenthaler
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of World Biography
Ottmar Mergenthaler Ottmar Mergenthaler (1854-1899), the German-American inventor of the Linotype, revolutionized the printing industry with his remarkable typesetting-typecasting machine. Ottmar Mergenthaler was born in Hachtel, Germany...
|
|
Mergenthaler, Ottmar
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to American Literature
Mergenthaler, Ottmar (1854–99),German‐born inventor, came to the U.S. (1871) and perfected the linotype machine that bears his name (1885), which was first used to set type for a daily newspaper by the New‐York Tribune (1886).
|
|
1878-1899: Communications: Chronology
Book article from: American Eras
...long history it also criticizes affluent African Americans for not doing enough to help impoverished blacks. 1885 Ottmar Mergenthaler, a German living in the United States, patents the Linotype automatic typesetting machine, and by the following...
|
|
printing
Book article from: The Columbia Encyclopedia, Sixth Edition
...Typesetting Not until the late 19th cent. were typesetting machines invented. The Linotype machine, invented by Ottmar Mergenthaler in Baltimore in 1884, produced a metal slug corresponding to a single line of type as set by hand in printing...
|
|
Printing and Publishing
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to United States History
...continuous roll of paper, could produce 18,000 newspapers per hour. The linotype machine, patented in 1884 by Ottmar Mergenthaler (1854–1899), eliminated hand‐set type, creating metal type slugs that could be melted...
|
