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Reform Acts
Great Reform Act
A Dictionary of British History
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2004
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© A Dictionary of British History 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information)
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Great Reform Act, 1832. The first major reform of the representative system since the time of
Cromwell. Lord
Grey saw reform as a means of satisfying the desire of the respectable middle classes for greater representation and the character of the Act was accordingly moderate. The principal changes were: 1. Redistribution of constituencies. Boroughs with a population of less than 4,000 were either disfranchised, or reduced to one member instead of two. Some seats were added to the rural counties and others to towns such as Birmingham and Manchester. 2. Changes in the electoral qualifications: long leaseholders were added to the ‘40
s. freeholders’ in the counties and in the boroughs a uniform franchise, vested in householders occupying property valued at £10 or more for local rates, was established. 3. Rules were established for the conduct of elections.
The Act satisfied the middle classes in general but agitation for more radical reform continued among the working classes, though no further general changes were made until 1867.
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Reform reaches out
Magazine article from: Alberta Sweetgrass; 9/30/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...book also states that: "The Reform Party of Canada supports eliminating...exemption under the Indian Act of Canada." At a party task...people in Airdrie on Aug. 19, Reform Indian Affairs critic Mike Scott said "the Reform Party doesn't say the reserves...
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`Reform is a play on words' // Furor to fix the fixers has flared and faded often in Chicago history
Newspaper article from: Chicago Sun-Times; 12/6/1987; ; 700+ words
; ...against the city - now that's reform. And a limit on campaign contributions...with the city - now that's reform. Some things, cynics notwithstanding, are reforms, cut and dried. Chicago's had only a precious few true reform mayors. Edward Dunne, mayor...mood has sometimes required an act of ...
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Malpractice reforms not a cure-all. (Medical Malpractice Crisis).
Magazine article from: National Underwriter Property & Casualty-Risk & Benefits Management; 3/10/2003; ; 700+ words
; ...on states where malpractice reforms succeeded in controlling costs...review several states where reforms have not delivered all of their...have stymied malpractice reforms in some states, according...defense attorneys and tort reform supporters. Although tort...Injury Compensation Reform ...
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1996 WELFARE REFORMS REDUCE WELFARE DEPENDENCE FIRST IN A SERIES OF REPORTS CHRONICLING A DECADE OF SUCCESSFUL WELFARE
Transcript from: Capitol Hill Press Releases; 2/27/2006; 700+ words
; ...resulting from the 1996 reforms. Additional welfare reforms included in the Deficit Reduction Act (P.L. 109-171...of the 1996 welfare reform law. In the months...checks. The 1996 welfare reform law (the "Personal...Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996," P.L...welfare dependence. ...
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Political reform in the Middle East will not work if imposed, Kuwait's prime minister says
News Wire article from: AP Worldstream; 5/15/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...only creating the facade of reform without any real content...have to "really believe" in reform, which must be tailored to...He said any democratic reforms cannot work unless they are...deeper joint commitment to reform in the region," as well as...revolutionaries claiming to act in the ...
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Senate complicates reform; Split between GOP, Dems makes big tort reforms unlikely.(Brief Article)
Magazine article from: Business Insurance; 2/5/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...possible to enact those two reforms; the class-action reform cited by Mr. McConnell; and...enactment of ``draconian'' reforms will not be possible, he said...Another area that's ripe for reform-although on the state rather...so-called ``sunshine'' acts, which require states that...
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Healthcare reform: will the minimalist approach continue?(Column)
Magazine article from: Healthcare Financial Management; 2/1/1997; ; 700+ words
; ...The Telecommunications Act was chiefly the work of...officials. Telecommunications reform passed primarily because...The Kassebaum-Kennedy Act: A Minimalist Approach...the Kassebaum-Kennedy act, is a minimalist approach to healthcare reform, involving no new Federal...
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 "The Independent (Bangladesh)")
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Growth and reform, THE INDEPENDENT
Newspaper article from: The Independent (Bangladesh); 2/7/2002; ; 700+ words
; ...implementation of economic or other reforms. The concept of reform is not so precisely measured...down in the last year the reforms have been delayed or stopped...in welfare economics; if reform hurts some group then one...is straightforward. Every act of reform hurts someone; one ...
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CRA reform's unintended effect: bringing intitiatives to a halt. (Community Reinvestment Act) (Column)
Magazine article from: American Banker; 6/22/1994; ; 700+ words
; ...state of Community Reinvestment Act compliance. After much fanfare...the year-old federal CRA reform effort appears stalled. As...their programs. The extended reform effort has had the perverse...unintended byproduct of CRA reforms most severely impacts banks...garner maximum credit once CRA ...
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Acquisition reform: All sail and no rudder
Magazine article from: The Army Lawyer; 3/1/1998; ; 700+ words
; ...Federal Acquisition Streamlining Act of 1994,5 the Federal Acquisition...Measuring Results as an Acquisition Reform Is it a fair criticism to say that acquisition reform is all sail and no rudder...coming nearer to acquisition reform's announced goals. Paraphrasing...Bill Kovacic,8 the 1990's ...
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Military Reforms
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Russian History
...imaginable. His most enduring reform was the 1862 – 1864...The result of these three reforms centralized all power within...Milyutin's most important reform was the Universal Conscription Act of 1874 that required all Russian...standing army. Milyutin's reforms completely overhauled ...
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Land Reform
Encyclopedia entry from: International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences
...implementation. A major land reform was carried out around the...democratic and nonviolent land reform began in Denmark. A variety of land-reform undertakings are found in nineteenth...democratic and nonviolent land reforms, including many in European...collapsing before the catalyzing acts ...
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Agrarian Reforms
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Russian History
...modernization. The nature of agrarian reform necessarily depends heavily...the date of the Emancipation Act, the purpose of which was...introduced a long period of agrarian reform through the Bolshevik Revolution...implementation of the Stolypin reforms, a series of changes designed...peasant ...
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Education Reform
Encyclopedia entry from: Encyclopedia of Education
...well have viewed it as an "act of war." In support of their...efforts. The rhetoric of reform proclaimed that all children...sparking state action in education reform. California acted first, adopting omnibus education reform legislation that increased...s lead, adopting education reforms ...
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Civil Service Reform
Book article from: The Oxford Companion to United States History
...office‐seeker that spurred reform on the federal level. After the...the 1883 Pendleton Civil Service Reform Act. While that act initially applied...positions were classified. Civil service reform profoundly affected American society...
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