Research topic:Bangladesh

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Bangladesh

A Dictionary of British History | 2004 | | © A Dictionary of British History 2004, originally published by Oxford University Press 2004. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Bangladesh proclaimed itself a sovereign state on 25 March 1971 although it was not until 15 December that Pakistan conceded this status. Previously, the country had been known as East Pakistan, united with West Pakistan in the state created at the time of India's partition in 1947. East Bengal's place in the new Pakistan was never comfortable. Power was narrowly concentrated in the landed‐military élites of the West. In the 1960s, a movement developed around the Awami League demanding, at least, provincial autonomy. It was repressed but reasserted itself strongly in 1970 when President Yahya was obliged by US pressure to hold Pakistan's first general elections. The Awami League won 160 of the 162 East Pakistan constituencies. West Pakistan's military and political leaders struck back, arresting the president of the Awami League and unleashing tanks on Dakha. Brutalizing violence drove 10 million refugees into neighbouring India, whose army then intervened. On 15 December 1971, West Pakistan forces surrendered and the ‘liberation’ of Bangladesh was confirmed.

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JOHN CANNON. "Bangladesh." A Dictionary of British History. 2004. Encyclopedia.com. 15 Nov. 2009 <http://www.encyclopedia.com>.

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