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lignin
lignin
A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition
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2005
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© A Dictionary of Food and Nutrition 2005, originally published by Oxford University Press 2005. (Hide copyright information)
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lignin (Or
lignocellulose); indigestible part of the cell wall of plants (a polymer of aromatic alcohols). It is included in measurement of
dietary fibre, but not of
non‐starch polysaccharide.
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Lignin-modified phenol-formaldehyde resin development for fiberboard.
Magazine article from: Forest Products Journal; 9/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...1980-1981 research of phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins modified with Kraft lignin, lignosulfonate lignin, and Masonite wet-process spent "sludge" lignin, as well as 100 percent lignin binders for wet-process fiberboard. Resin development...
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Lignin formation in plants. The delemma of linkage specificity
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 8/1/2001; ; 700+ words
; ...the structural elements in lignins: the steric course of reactions mimicking lignin biosynthesis. Wood Sci Technol...Characterization of milled wood lignins and dehydrogenative polymerisates...Reference] kanen, eds, Lignin and Lignan Biosynthesis...
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Lignin Radicals in the Plant Cell Wall Probed by Kerr-Gated Resonance Raman Spectroscopy
Magazine article from: Biophysical Journal; 4/15/2006; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT Lignin radicals are crucial intermediates for lignin biosynthesis in the cell wall of vascular plants. In this...of their vibrational properties. For dry wood cells a lignin radical Raman band is observed at 1570 cm^sup -1^ irrespective...
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Lignin: Genetic engineering and impact on pulping
Magazine article from: Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology; 1/1/2003; ; 700+ words
; ABSTRACT: Lignin is a major component of wood, the most...biochemistry and molecular biology underpinning lignin production are better understood than...prompted a number of re-evaluations of the lignin biosynthetic pathway. Some of the work...
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Condensed Lignins Are Synthesized in Poplar Leaves Exposed to Ozone
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 2/1/2004; ; 700+ words
; ...metabolic pathway leading to lignins were associated with a higher Klason lignin content in extract...In addition, stress lignins synthesized in response...suggested a role of lignin in disease resistance. Stress lignins formed in response to...
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Can lignin be accurately measured?(SYMPOSIUM--LIGNIN AND FORAGE DIGESTIBILITY)
Magazine article from: Crop Science; 5/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...incorporation of nontraditional residues into lignin polymers (Sederoff et al., 1999...alcohols can be incorporated into lignins (as reviewed by Sederoff et al...to determine the concentration of lignin within a wide range of cell wall types...
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Lignin: Properties and Materials.
Magazine article from: Chemistry and Industry; 2/5/1990; ; 700+ words
; Lignin: properties and materials Wood has always...specific attention only more recently. Lignin, one of the structural component molecules...commercial importance relatively recently. Lignin is the most complex polymer of the natural...
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How do lignin composition, structure, and cross-linking affect degradability? A review of cell wall model studies.(SYMPOSIUM--LIGNIN AND FORAGE DIGESTIBILITY)
Magazine article from: Crop Science; 5/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...being inhibited by added wood lignins but not by added polyeugenol...whereas intimate association of lignin with cellulose in hydrogels actually...been used to remove or modify lignins and to cleave lignin-matrix cross-links in cell...
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Low lignin GM trees and forage crops.(Plight of Forests)
Magazine article from: Synthesis/Regeneration; 1/1/2005; ; 700+ words
; ...reinforcing rods, while concrete is represented by lignin. Lignin determines the rigidity, strength and resistance of...fiber is processed to make paper or composite products, lignin must be removed using polluting chemicals and a great...
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Structural alterations of lignins in transgenic poplars with depressed cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase activity have an opposite impact on the efficiency of industrial kraft pulping
Magazine article from: Plant Physiology; 1/1/1999; ; 700+ words
; ...cross-linked nature of lignins, delignification of...considerable interest in lignin genetic engineering as...environmental costs. Wood lignins are composed of S and...delignification than deciduous wood lignins comprising both G and...achieved by lowering lignin concentration and/or...
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lignin
Book article from: World Encyclopedia
lignin Complex, non-carbohydrate substance that...often in combination with cellulose . It is lignin that gives wood its strength. To obtain pure...cellulose for the paper and rayon industries, the lignin has to be removed from wood.
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Fibers
Book article from: Chemistry: Foundations and Applications
...composed of cellulose (see Figure 1), lignin (see Figure 2), or similar compounds...mannose, xylose, and arabi-nose. Lignin polymers are often found in most plant...association with cellulose. The structure of lignin is not well defined, but lignin appears...
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Cellulose
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...sorts, and transports macromolecules within a cell. Lignin — A polysaccharide that forms the secondary...is composed of yet another polysaccharide called lignin. For example, lignin is found in trees. The presence of both primary...
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Fossil Fuels
Book article from: Chemistry: Foundations and Applications
...plant material characteristically contains lignin, a carbon-based natural polymer that...upright against the pull of gravity. Lignin is much more resistant to bacterial degradation...composition of coal. The extent to which lignin and other plant matter has been metamorphosed...
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Composite Materials
Encyclopedia entry from: The Gale Encyclopedia of Science
...matrix. Natural composites include wood and bone. Wood is a composite of cellulose and lignin. Cellulose fibers are strong in tension and are flexible. Lignin cements these fibers together to make them stiff. Bone is a composite of strong but...
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