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Cercle et Carré

The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists | 2003 | | © The Concise Oxford Dictionary of Art and Artists 2003, originally published by Oxford University Press 2003. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

Cercle et Carré (Circle and Square). A discussion and exhibition society for abstract artists formed in Paris in 1929 by the critic Michel Seuphor and the painter Joaquín Torres-García. They published a journal of the same name, of which three numbers appeared in 1929–30. The association held only one exhibition, at Galerie 23 in April 1930, but this has the distinction of being the first group exhibition ever devoted solely to abstract art; 46 artists showed work, including Mondrian and Vantongerloo but also such non-geometricians as Kandinsky and Schwitters. In 1931 Cercle et Carré was superseded by the larger and longer-lived Abstraction-Création association, but it had a sequel in Uruguay: in 1935 Torres-Garcia formed an Asociación de Arte Constructivo in Montevideo and edited a journal Círculo y Cuadrado, of which seven numbers appeared between 1936 and 1938.

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