COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE
Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language
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1998
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© Concise Oxford Companion to the English Language 1998, originally published by Oxford University Press 1998. (Hide copyright information)
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COMMUNICATIVE COMPETENCE. [Coined by the US anthropologist Dell Hymes]. A term in
SOCIOLINGUISTICS for a speaker's underlying knowledge of the rules of GRAMMAR (understood in its widest sense to include phonology, orthography, syntax, lexicon, and semantics) and rules for their use in socially appropriate circumstances. The notion is intended to replace Noam
CHOMSKY'S dichotomy of competence and performance.
Competence is the knowledge of rules of grammar,
performance, how the rules are used. Speakers draw on their competence in putting together grammatical sentences, but not all such sentences can be used in the same circumstances:
Close the window and
Would you mind closing the window,
please? are both grammatical, but they differ in their appropriateness for use in particular situations. Speakers use their communicative competence to choose what to say, as well as how and when to say it. See
COMPETENCE AND PERFORMANCE,
LANGUAGE TEACHING.
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The Genetics of Alcoholism
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Drinking and Alcoholism
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