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devolution crisis

The Oxford Companion to Irish History | 2007 | © The Oxford Companion to Irish History 2007, originally published by Oxford University Press 2007. (Hide copyright information) Copyright

devolution crisis (1904–5), a classic example of ministerial responsibility for the actions of civil servants. Encouraged by the appointment of Sir Antony MacDonnell to Dublin Castle in 1902, and by their success in inspiring the Land Act of 1903, Lord Dunraven and other progressive landlords formed the Irish Reform Association. In September 1904 the Association published proposals for the devolution of modest powers to an Irish representative council. MacDonnell was in fact the main author of the scheme. George Wyndham promptly repudiated the scheme and rebuked MacDonnell. But backbench Unionist anger continued, MacDonnell was able to maintain that he had acted with Wyndham's tacit approval, and Wyndham resigned. Nationalist reaction to the scheme was mixed, but they later rejected the Liberal government's expanded version, the Irish council bill. This brief outbreak of southern Unionist conciliation prompted the formation of a distinct Ulster Unionist Council in March 1905.

A. C. Hepburn

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