Humbert, Gen. Jean Joseph Amable

Humbert, Gen. Jean Joseph Amable (1767–1823). A relatively junior officer, he sailed precipitately at the head of what should have been one of three French expeditions sent in belated support of the insurrection of 1798, landing at Killala Bay, Co. Mayo, on 22 August with 1,019 men. The French were taken aback by the indiscipline and lack of political awareness of local people, but nevertheless raised 3,000 or so local volunteers and established a provisional government under John Moore, son of a local Catholic merchant and landowner. Ignoring instructions to remain on the defensive until reinforced, Humbert routed government troops at Castlebar (‘the races of Castlebar’) on 27 August, but was encircled at Ballinamuck, Co. Longford, on 8 September. Government forces accepted the French surrender, but massacred some 2,000 accompanying Irish supporters.

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